Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 513 



(one specimen), and about 160 miles north of the Bahamas (one specimen). See Study 

 Material, p. 509. 



Synonyms and References: 



Scymnus brasiliensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. "Uranie," Zool., 1824: 198 (brief descr., Brazil). 



Squalus (Scymnus) fulgeus Bennett, F. D., Narr. Whaling Voy., 2, I 840: 255 (dcscr., size, eggs, luminescence, 

 trop. Pacif. near Christmas I.') ; Bennett, G., Gatherings Nat. Australia, i860: 66 (luminescence, a sec- 

 ond trop. Pacif. spec). 



Scymnus {Scymnui) brasiliensis (inch var. torqualus and var. unicolor) Muller and Henle, Plagiost., 1 841 : 92 

 (dcscr., Mauritius, C. Verde at St. Jago, Rio de Janeiro) ; Dumeril, Hist. Nat. Poiss., i, 1865: 4.53 (refs., 

 dcscr., Mauritius). 



Dalatias brasiliensis Gray, List. Fish. Brit. Mus., j, 1 85 1 : 76 (Isle of France, St. Jago, Rio de Janeiro). 



Scymnus torqualus Dumeril, Arch. Mus. Hist. nat. P.iris, ro, 1861: 261 (name only, St. Jago, C. Verde). 



Isislius brasiliensis Gill, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 1864: 264, footnote (name) ; Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., S, 1870: 429 (refs., descr., S. Pacif. and Gulf of Guinea specs.) ; Peters, W. C. H., Monatschr. 

 Berlin Akad., 1876: 853 (Indian Oc, Lat. 14° 23' S., Long. 118° 16' E.) ; Rochebrune, Act. Soc. linn. 

 Bordeaux, (4) 6, 1 882: 48; Faune Senegambie, Poiss., /, I 883-1 885: 26 (C. Verde) ; Sauvage, in Gran- 

 didier, Hist. Phys. Nat. Madagascar, 16, 1 891 : 5, 511 (spec, in Paris Mus.) ; Garman, Mem. Harv. Mus. 

 comp. Zool., 24, 1899: 34, pi. I, fig. I, pi. 2-3, pi. 69, fig. 2 (descr., size, no. of teeth, anat., near Gala- 

 pagos) ; Johann, Z. wiss. Zool., 66, 1899: 152 (luminescence) ; Burckhardt, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 6, 

 1900: 56; (luminescence, luminous organs) ; Waite, Rec. Aust. Mus., j, 1900: 195, fig. I, 2 (no. teeth, 

 largest recorded spec, Lord Howe I.); Mangold, Pflug. Arch. Gcs. Physiol., rrp, 1907: 583 (lumines- 

 cence); Ribeiro, Arch. Mus. nac. Rio de J., 14, 1907: 169, 205 (descr., refs., Brazil); Brauer, Wiss. 

 Ergebn. 'Valdivia,' 15, 1908: I 33, pi. 2 (luminescence) ; Regan, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 2, 1908: 55 

 (class., size); Garman, Mem. Harv. Mus. comp. Zool., 56, 191 3: 238 (descr.); Jordan, Tanaka and 

 Snyder, J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, 55, 1913: 23 (old loc records, also Fiji, Japan) ; Lampe, Deutsche sudpolar 

 Exped., 75, Zool., 7, 1914: 214, pi. 2 (no. of lower teeth, sizes, 3 spec, off Sierra Leone, W. Afr.) ; 

 Metzelaar, Trop. Atlant. Visschen, 191 9: 191 (refs.) ; Ribeiro, Fauna brasil., Peixes, Mus. nac. Rio de J., 

 2 (i) Fasc. I, 1923: 26 (same as Ribeiro, 1907); Fowler and Ball, Bull. Bishop Mus., 2(5, 1926: 5 

 (footnote that Echinorhinus brucus Fowler, 1923, from Hawaii, was actually /. brasiliensis) ; Whitley, 

 J. Pan-Pacif. Res. Instn., 2 (i), 1927: 3 (Fiji); Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., 10, 1928: 23 (descr., 

 refs., Honolulu) ; Duncker and Mohr, Mitt. zool. StInst. Hamburg, 44, 1929: 84 (size, depth of capture. 

 Equatorial Pacif. near New Guinea, Lat. 00° N., Long. 146° 5' E.) ; Fowler, Proc. Pan-Pacif. sci. 

 Congr., (4) J, 1930: 497 (distrib.) ; Mem. Bishop Mus., //, 1931: 314 (refs.) ; Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. 

 Hist., -JO (1), 1936: 87 (refs., descr.); Parr, Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., 5 (7), 1937: I (north of 

 Bahamas); Beebe and Tee-Van, Zoologica, N. Y., 26, 1 941: 121 (ref.) ; Fowler, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 

 100 ( /j), I 941 : 270 (refs., descr., distrib., luminescence) ; Arqu. Zool. Estado S.io Paulo, 5, 1942: I 29 

 (Brazil) ; Bigelow and Schroeder, Guide Coram. Shark Fish., Anglo Amer. Caribb. Comm., Wash., 1945: 

 146, fig. 55 (descr., ill., habits, range). 



Leius ferox Kner, Denkschr. Acad. math. Natur. Wien, 24, 186;: 10, pi. 4, fig. 2 (descr., ill., Australia); 

 Schmeltz, Cat. Mus. GodeflFroy, 5, 1866: 13 (South Seas, not seen); Johann, Z. wiss. Zool., 66, 1899: 

 152 (luminescence); Whitley, Fish. Aust., /, 1940: 149 (descr., ill., luminosity, Aust.). 



Isislius ferox Schmeltz, Cat. Mus. Godeffroy, 2, I 865: 10 (South Scis, not seen). 



Isislius braziliensis Macleay, Proc. linn. Soc. N. S. W., 6, 1881 : 368 (ref., Aust.). 



Sgualus fulgens Johann, Z. wiss. Zool., 66, 1899: 152 (luminescence). 



Leius brasiliensis Giinther, J. Mus. Godeffroy, 6 (17), 1910: 490 (refs., depth, distrib.). 



Afristurus sfongicefs Jordan and Jordan, Mem. Carneg. Mus., 10, 1922: 3 (Hawaii) ; not Catulus sfongicep 

 Gilbert, 1905.* 



7. A second specimen reported from Lat. 55° N., Long. 110° W.; either the latitude or long^itude is evidently an 

 error, for this would place it far inland in Canada. 



8. A cast in Bishop Museum, later identified by Fowler (Mem. Bishop Mus., 10. 1928: 23) as /. brasiliensis. 



