GENERA: CALLIMASTIX AND SELENOMONAS 



311 



E. MONADID^ WITH MORE THAN FOUR FLAGELLA. 



Of flagellates with more than four flagella, the only genus which should 

 be mentioned is CaUimastix Weissenberg, 1912. The genus was created 

 by Weissenberg for a flagellate parasitic in the body cavity fluid of a 

 species of Cyclops. He gave it the 

 name CaUimastix cyclopis. 



A very similar form discovered by 

 Braune (1913) in the rumen of cattle 

 was named by him C. frontalis 

 (Fig. 149, A). The body, which is 

 spherical or ovoid, has a diameter of 

 about 12 microns, and possesses a 

 single nucleus with large central ka- 

 ryosome. The characteristic feature 

 of the flagellate is its possession of a 

 number of flagella which spring from 

 a row of blepharoplasts. The flagella 

 are arranged in one plane, and appear 

 as if united laterally to form a band 

 about 30 microns in length. This 

 organism was seen by Fonseca (1916) 

 in cattle, sheep, and goats in South 

 America. He established a new 

 family, Callimastigidse. 



An organism which may be re- 

 lated to CaUimastix frontalis is Seleno- 

 monas j^alfitans, which was described 

 by Simons (1921) from the caecum of 

 guinea-pigs (Fig. 149, B). It seems 

 probable that Ancyromonas ruminan- 

 tium, which Certes (1889) found in the 

 rumen of cattle, is the same organism. 

 Prowazek (1913a), as Kerandel (1909) 

 had done before, saw it in the blood- 

 films from African antelopes, and 

 concluded that these had been con- 

 taminated from the intestine. He 

 created the genus Selenomonas. Soon 

 after Woodcock and Lapage (1913) 

 observed it in the stomach of goats, 

 and placed it in a new genus as 



Fig. 149. 



(After Fonseca, 1916.) 



A. CalUmastix frontalis from rumen of ox, 

 sheep, and goat ( x ca. 4 ,000). 



B. Selenomonas rumimintium from caecum of 

 wild guinea-pig ( X ca. 4,000). 



