568 



FAMILY: TRYPANOSOMID.E 



some of which became infected. If the interval between the feeds was 

 over twenty-four hours, no infection took place, Musgrave and Clegg 

 (1903) in the Philippines transmitted surra by biting flies. Monkeys, 

 horses, dogs, rats, and guinea-pigs were thus infected. In one experiment 

 the house fly carried the infection from an infected to a healthy dog by 

 feeding successively upon a wound on each. In a similar manner fleas 

 were shown to be capable of carrying infection between dogs and cats. 

 Working with a North African strain (T, herherum) Sergent, Ed. and Et. 

 (19056, 1906a), effected a mechanical transmission with Stomoxys and 



Fig. 234. — Trypanosoma evansi from Blood of Various Animals (x 2,000). 

 (After Bruce, 1911.) 



Tabanus nemoralis. Eraser and Symonds (1908), working in the Federated 

 Malay States, found that four species of Tabanus {T. fumifer, T. jjartitus, 

 T. vagus, and T. minimus) would convey the trypanosome if not more 

 than five minutes elapsed between the feeds on the infected and healthy 

 animals. With species of Stomoxys and Hcematopota they obtained nega- 

 tive results. Leese (1909) at Mohand in U.P., India, obtained positive 

 results with Tabanus, Hcematopota, and Stomoxys, and he records an 

 outbreak of the disease among horses where the only biting fly was 

 Lyperosia minuta. Baldry (1911) at Muktesar in India inoculated the 



