TRYPANOSOMES OF AQUATIC REPTILES 585 



H. tried ri. It was 30 to 35 microns in length, with a flagellum 15 to 20 

 microns in length. A similar trypanosome from P sylodactylus caudicinctus 

 was named T. galliji by Bouet (1909), while Mathis and Leger (1911) 

 mention the occurrence of another in Acanthosaura fruhstorferi in Tonkin. 

 Catouillard (1909) gave the name T. platydactyli to a trypanosome of 

 Tarentola mauritanica of Tunis. It was cultivated in N.N.N, medium 

 by Sergent, Ed. and Et., Lemaire, and Senevet (1914), while Chatton and 

 Blanc (1918a) showed that it developed readily in bed bugs fed on the 

 geckos. Todd and Wolbach (1912) mentioned the occurrence of trypano- 

 somes in Againa colonorum and Lygosoma sp. of the Gambia. 



Trypanosomes have been recorded from a number of land snakes. 

 T. erythrolampri, seen by the writer (1908) in the South American snake, 

 Erythrolamprus cesculajni, is a long narrow form measuring 30 to 34 by 

 5 to 7 microns (Fig. 236, 4-5). It was found in the blood of a snake which 

 had died in the Zoological Gardens in London, and some of the flagellates 

 had the crithidia structure. It is possible that the crithidia arrangement 

 of nucleus and kinetoplast was the result of changes occurring after the 

 death of the host. The writer (1909) gave the name T. najce to a trypano- 

 some of the Sudan cobra {Naja nigricollis). It measured 50 microns in 

 length, and was only seen in the living condition. Bouet (1909) described 

 as T. clozeli a large broad trypanosome of the African snake, T ropidonotus 

 ferox. The nucleus and kinetoplast were close together near the middle 

 of the body, which measured about 100 to 106-5 by 10 to 25 microns. 

 Button, Todd, and Tobey (1907) record a trypanosome from the puff adder, 

 Bitis arietans, of the Gambia. According to Johnston and Cleland (1910), 

 Love discovered a trypanosome in the Australian snake, Diemenia textUis. 



V. TRYPANOSOMES OF AQUATIC VERTEBRATES TRANSMITTED BY 

 LEECHES. 



1. Trypanosomes of Aquatic Reptiles. 



The best-known trypanosomes of this group are those of aquatic 

 chelonians. The development of T. vittatoe has been studied by 

 Robertson (1908). 



Trypanosoma vittatae Robertson, 1908. — This trypanosome (Fig. 237) 

 was discovered in the soft tortoise {Emyda vittata) of Ceylon by Robertson 

 (1908), who studied it not only in the vertebrate host, but also in the 

 leech {Glossosiphonia sp.), which is probably the invertebrate vector of the 

 trypanosome. Development, however, was found to take place also in 

 the horse leech, Pcecilobdella granulosa. 



In the blood of the tortoise (Fig. 237, 1-4), the largest trypanosomes 

 have a body measuring between 60 and 70 microns in length and 8 to 9 



