442 FAMILY: TRYPANOSOMID^ 



Another flagellate of the leptomonas type has been found by Strong 

 (1924) in the hind-gut of the lizard, Cnemido'phorus lemniscatus. He 

 suggests that the infection is acquired by the lizards eating certain plant 

 bugs which harbour what he assumes, on morphological grounds, to be 

 the same organism. The bugs become infected by feeding on the latex 

 of Euphorbias, which are also infected with the same flagellate. These 

 observations, combined with the fact that Strong has succeeded in inocu- 

 lating the lizard flagellate into the skin of the monkey, where a lesion 

 resembling oriental sore is produced, serves to indicate the close relation- 

 ship of all the flagellates of the leptomonas type. 



Leishmania denticis (Fantham and Porter, 1919). — This flagellate was 

 found in four out of forty-one silver fish [Dentex argyrozona) examined by 

 Fantham (1919) and Fantham and Porter (1920) in South Africa. It was 

 called by them Herpetomonas denticis, but is a flagellate of the typical 

 leptomonas form, while leishmania stages also occur. The body measures 

 5 to 24 microns in length and 1-5 to 2-5 microns in breadth. The flagellum 

 is often longer than the body, and is relatively longer in the shorter forms. 

 Non-flagellate leishmania forms measured 2-5 to 4-5 microns by 1-5 to 2-5 

 microns. The organism was found most frequently in the heart blood, 

 and also in smears of the liver, spleen, and kidney. It was not abundant 

 in any fish examined, nor was it present in the intestinal tract. 



Fantham (1922) records as H. xenopi a flagellate from the rectum of 

 the South African clawed toad, Xenopis Icevis. No details of the infection 

 or of the flagellate are given. 



Leishmania myoxi (Laveran and Franchini, 1921). — Three out of seven 

 dormice {Myoxus glis) captured near Bologna were found infected. The 

 organism, named Herpetomonas myoxi, was found only in stained smears 

 of the blood, spleen, and liver. It occurred mostly as leishmania forms, 

 which measured 1-8 to 3-6 microns in length by 1-2 microns in breadth. 

 They were either free or within mononuclear cells. In addition, a certain 

 number of elongate non-flagellate forms were seen. These measured from 

 5 to 20 microns in length by 1-2 microns in breadth. Flagellate lepto- 

 monas forms 12 to 20 microns in length were also encountered. Though the 

 figures depict an organism of the leptomonas type, the writer feels that 

 confirmation is necessary before the statements regarding it are accepted. 



Genus : Trypanosoma Gruby, 1843. 

 The flagellates of the genus Trypanosoma attain the trypanosome 

 structure at some stage of their development, and occur as parasites in 

 the blood and tissues of vertebrate animals. For many of them there 

 have been demonstrated invertebrate hosts, which transmit them from 

 one vertebrate to another either by direct inoculation through the mouth 



