668 FAMILY: TRICHOMONADID^ 



The flagellate has been cultivated by Chatton (1920). He employed 

 a medium consisting of ordinary bouillon, to which had been added 1 c.c. 

 of blood to every 10 c.c. of bouillon. In this, T. cavice grew in association 

 with numerous bacteria. By subculture every three or four weeks the 

 cultures were maintained for a year, when they were lost owing to acci- 

 dental contamination with fungi. The culture apparently grew at any 

 temperature between 20° and 37° C, but they survived longer at the 

 lower temperature, when multiplication of the bacteria and flagellates 

 was less rapid than at higher temperatures. Though the cultures were 

 started from typical Trichomonas with undulating membrane, the flagel- 

 lates assumed the Eutrichomastix form in culture when the axoneme 

 bordering the membrane became a free flagellum. In attempts to rid the 

 cultures of bacteria, guinea-pigs were inoculated intraperitoneally with 

 culture. Six hours after, when the peritoneum was examined, the flagel- 

 lates had assumed the Trichomonas form again. Chatton believes that 

 Eutrichotnastix cavicB, which in natural infections is very frequently found 

 along with the T. cavice, is merely a form of this flagellate which it assumes 

 in media of low density. 



Faust (1921a) has stated that the Trichomonas which occurs in guinea- 

 pigs in Pekin differs from those described from this animal elsewhere. 

 The size of the organism is given as 8 to 14 microns by 6-5 to 10 microns. 

 The protruding portion of the axostyle is said to be two-thirds the body 

 length. There are three anterior flagelia, which have a length over half 

 that of the body and a long posterior flagellum. On account of the 

 supposed difference from T. cavice, Faust proposes to call this form 

 T. flagelliphora. From the plate accompanying his description, which 

 the author says depicts characteristic specimens, the writer can find no 

 evidence that he is dealing with a species distinct from the ordinary form 

 which is common in guinea-pigs in other localities. 



Other Species of Trichomonas. 



A large number of other species of TrichoiHonas have been described, 

 and these have been studied especially by ITobell (1909), Alexeiefi' (1909- 

 1911), Kuczynski (1914), and Kofoid and Swezy (1915). They occur in a 

 variety of hosts, as summarized below, and many specific names have 

 been given, but it is clear that in most cases the evidence necessary for 

 the establishment of new species is wanting. 



Mammals.— T. suis Gniby and Delafond (1843) (stomach of pig); T. talmi 

 Fonseca, 1915, three free flagelia (Talus novemcinctus, armadillo); T. ruminantium 

 Braune, 1913, three free flagelia (rumen of cattle). Fantham (1920) records this 

 form from the reticulum of the sheep and ox, and (1921) gives the name T. equi to 

 one in the horse. T. chagasi Haselmann and Fonseca, 1918, three free flagelia 

 {Cerodon rupestris); T.felis Da Cunha and Muniz, 1 922, four free flagelia (cat) : Brumpt 



