752 ORDER: MICROSPORIDIIDA 



in the body cavity and adipose tissue, and produces spores measuring 

 6-5 to 8 by 4-5 to 5-5 microns. Strickland (1913) in America named 

 three species which he placed in the genus Glugea. They were transferred 

 to the genus Thelohania by Debaisieux and Gastaldi (1919), who found 

 them in Belgium. T. bracteata and T. fibrata were found in S. venustum 

 and S. ochraceum in South America by Lutz and Splendore (1904, 1908), 

 in S. bracteatum and S. hirtipes by Strickland (1913) in North America, 

 and in S. maculata by Debaisieux and Gastaldi (1919) in Belgium. The 

 parasites occur in the fat body of the larvae. The spores of T. bracteata 

 measure 3 to 4 by 2-5 to 3 microns, and those of T. fibrata on an average 

 7 by 3-5 microns. Another species, T. ?nultispora, seen by Strickland 

 (1913) in S. vittatum and S. bracteatum, and by Debaisieux and Gastaldi 

 (1919) in S. maculata, also occurs in the fat body, but produces spores of 

 an intermediate size. 



Lutz and Splendore (1904) included in their species Nosema simidii,. 

 which embraced the forms noted above, a parasite which Debaisieux and 

 Gastaldi (1919) placed in the genus Plistophora. It was seen in S. venustum 

 and S. ochraceum by Lutz and Splendore, and in S. tnaculata by Debaisieux 

 and Gastaldi. It produces regular rounded tumours in the tissues of the 

 larvse. The spores vary in size from 4-5 to 8-5 by 3-5 to 5-5 microns. 



FLEAS. — These arthropods are also liable to infection with Micro- 

 sporidiida. Noller (1912) found a form which he named Nosema pulicis in 

 the salivary glands, Malpighian tubes, and fat body of the dog flea (Ctenoce- 

 phalus canis) in Germany. The oval spores measured 2-5 to 5 microns 

 in length by 1-5 to 2 microns in breadth. The polar filament was 65 to 85 

 microns long. Another form was described by Korke (1916) from the dog 

 flea in India. He suggested the name N . pulicis, but as the spores are 

 smaller than those of N. pulicis, Kudo (19246) has given it the name 

 iV". ctenocephali. Shortt (1923), in a study of Leptomonas ctenocephali of 

 the dog flea, has drawn attention to the care which must be exercised in 

 distinguishing the spores of N. ctenocephali from leishmania forms of the 

 flagellate. 



BED BUGS.—Certain small ovoid bodies which Adie (1922, 1922a) 

 found in the salivary glands and other tissues of bed bugs in India, and 

 which were regarded as stages of Leishmania donovani, are, according to 

 Christophers (1922), Microsporidiida, for which he proposes the name 

 Nosema adiei (see p. 420). The parasite has been described by Shortt and 

 Swaminath (1924a), who have also met with it in bugs in India. The 

 intestine is most commonly infected. The spores are ovoid or elliptical 

 bodies measuring 3 by 1-7 microns. Minute small amoebulse 1-6 microns 

 in diameter occur, as also larger forms measuring 3-2 by 2-7 microns. 



