Fishes of the JVestern North Atlantic 133 



chiostegals (13 or 14). From members of the Clupeidae they differ in having a well- 

 developed lateral line and undeveloped gill rakers. 



Range. Only two living genera, Albula and Dixonina, are recognized.^* The former 

 has a world-wide distribution in warmer seas, and the latter is known from both coasts 

 of tropical America. 



Key to Western Atlantic Genera 



I a. Last ray of dorsal and anal not prolonged; snout only moderately conical, pro- 

 jecting only about a third of its length beyond mandible; maxillary not reaching 

 eye. Albula Scopoli 1777, below. 



lb. Last ray of dorsal and anal much prolonged; snout sharply conical, projecting 

 more than a third of its length beyond mandible; maxillary reaching nearly 

 to middle of eye. Dixonina Fowler 191 1, p. 143. 



Genus Albula Scopoli 1777 

 Bonefishes 



Albula Scopoli, Introd. Hist. Nat., 1777: 450; no species named, but based on Albula (name not binomial; 

 followed by long description), in Gronow, Zoophyl., I, 1763: 102; type and only included species 

 Albula s. salmo albula Meuschen, in Gronow, J, 1 761, index (not paged), Mediterranean; binomial 

 name given to Gronow's (1763) Albula (Whitley, JZ: 303) equals Esox vulpes Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 

 1758: 313. 



Generic Synonyms: 



Esox, in part, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., I, 1758: 313, for E. vulpes Linnaeus, Bahamas. 



Argentina, in part, Forskal, Descr. Anim ..., 1775: 68, for A. glossodonta Forskal, Arabia. 



Amia, in part, Bloch and Schneider, Syst. IchthyoL, 1 801 : 457, for A. immaculata Bloch and Schneider, South 



America. 

 SynoJus, in part, Bloch and Schneider, Syst. IchthyoL, 1801 : 398, for S. argenteus Bloch and Schneider, Tahiti; 



Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 5, 1803: 32, pi. 8, fig. 2, for S. vulpes Lacepede. 

 Clupea, in part, Bloch and Schneider, Syst. IchthyoL, 1801: 427, for C. brasiliensis Bloch and Schneider, 



Brazil; Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 5, 1803: 427, for C.macrocephala LacepMe, Martinique. 

 Butyrinus Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 5, 1803: 45; type by monotypy, Butyrinus bananus Lacepede equals 



Esox vulpes Linnaeus. 

 GlossoJus Cuvier, Mem. Mus. Hist. nat. Paris, I, 181 5: 232; genotype by monoXypy, Argentina glossodonta 



Forskal equals Esox vulpes Linnaeus. 

 Engraulis ."^gassiz, L. in Spix and Agassiz, Selecta genera et species piscium. . .Brazil. . ., 1829: pi. 23, fig. 2, 



for E. sericus Agassiz; pi. 24, fig. 2, for E. bahiensis Agassiz, Brazil. 

 Conorhynchus Gill, Proc. .^cad. nat. Sci. Philad., SuppL, 1861: 55; genotype by monotypy, Butirinus vulpes 



Storer equals Albula vulpes. 



Characters. Dorsal and Anal fins with the last ray not produced. Maxillary 

 falling short of vertical from front border of eye. Snout projecting about a third of its 



14. Dr. Hildebrand evidently excluded from the Albulidae the deep-water genus Pterothrissus, which is known from 

 the coasts of Japan and West Africa and which may eventually be found in the western North Atlantic. Pterothrissus 

 differs widely from Albula and Dixonina in the very long, many-rayed dorsal fin. — G. S. Myers. 



