2 00 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



(Halifax Harbor, Nova Scotia); Hubbs, Publ. Carneg. Instn. Wash., 457, 1936: 175 (discus, ident., 

 Rio Champoton and Campeche, Yucatdn); Bigelow and Schroeder, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 48 (20), 1936: 

 328 (Portland, Maine; Halifax Harbor, Nova Scotia); Howell-Rivero, Handbk. Jamaica, 1936: i, in 

 reprint (Port Antonio, Jamaica); Gunter, Ecol. Monogr., 5, 1938: 337 (spawn., abund., Louisiana); 

 Gunter, Amer. Nat., 72, 1938: 78, 79; Gunter, Ecology, 22(2), 1941: 203-208 (killed by freeze, 

 Texas); Fowler (in part, not of Linnaeus), Arqu. Zool. estad. Sao Paulo, J (6), 1941 : 134 (Brazilian 

 recs., in part tricolor). 



Anchoa hepsetus hepsetus Hildebrand, Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., 8 {l), 1943: 57. fig- 21 (synon., descr., 

 range). 



Anchoa hepsetus colonensis Hildebrand, Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., 5(2), 1943: 60, fig. 22 (orig. descr.; 

 type local. Col6n, Panama; type USNM 1 17664; cf typical hepsetus; range). 



Anchoa hepsetus Gunter, Publ. Inst. mar. Sci. Texas, J (l), 1945: 32 (shallow water, temp., salinity, length 

 frequencies by months, sex. develop, in spring, Texas). 



Doubtful References: 



Anchotiia brownii Jordan and Thompson, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. (1904), 24, 1905: 233 (Garden Key, Florida; 

 some, if not all, were lamprotaenia); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 58, 1906: 84 (Florida Keys; 

 in part, if not all, lamprotaenid). 



EngrauUs brozonii Lampe, Fisch. Dtsch. Siidpolar Exped., 1901-1903, III, Die Hochsee und Kiisten Fische, 

 J5, Zool. 7, 1914: 216 (Cape Verde, So. Africa; ident. needs verification). 



Engraulis hepsetus Fowler, Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. Hist., 'JO (i), 1936: 183 (descr. based on New Jersey speci- 

 mens; rec. for Cape Verde after Lampe). 



Negative References: 



Stolephorus brovinii Jordan, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus., 7, 1885: 106 (abund. Key West, Florida; USNM 35000 

 listed; these exam, and found to be lamprotaenia); Puyo, Bull. Soc. Hist. nat. Toulouse, 80, 1945: 

 100, fig. I (descr., French Guiana; descr. and ill. appear to be unnamed new species oi AnchovieI/a)\ 

 Puyo, Faune Emp. Franc, 12, Poiss. Guiane Frang., 1949: 154 (see Puyo, 1945). 



Anchovia brownii Starks, Stanf Univ. Publ., Univ. ser., 191 3: 10 (Natal, Brazil; specimens are tricolor). 



Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann and Marsh) 1902 



Dusky Anchovy, Manjiia (Cuba) 



Figure 42 



Study Material. At least 22 specimens, 45-70 mm TL; juveniles, including the 

 type material, also at hand for comparison; from off St. Vincent Island, Florida; Mobile 

 Bay, Alabama; Mississippi Sound, Mississippi; Grand Isle, Louisiana; Galveston and 

 Aransas Pass, Texas; several places in Puerto Rico, Cuba, and St. Martin, West Indies. 



Distinctive Characters. This species is quite distinctive. It is probably nearest to 

 lamprotaenia, from which it differs rather prominently in the lower head, the longer 

 snout, longer and narrower cheek, and in the more posteriorly placed anal fin. 



Description. Proportional dimensions in per cent of standard length, and counts, 

 based on Study Material, 45-70 mm TL. 



Body: depth 16.6-20. Eye: diameter 5.5-7.0. 



Head: length 27-32.2. Postorbital: distance i 5.4-16.7. 



Snout: length 5.9-6.6. Maxillary: length 21-27. 



