276 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



Body, depth 20-25.8. 

 Caudal ■peduncle: depth 7.2—10. 

 Head: length 22.6—26.4. 

 Snout: length 5.6-7.1. 

 Eye: diameter 5.3— 7- 7- 

 Interorbital: width 3.0—4.5. 

 Maxillary: length 10.2- 12.3. 

 Pelvic fin: length 9.4.— 11. 3. 

 Pectoral fin: length 14.2 — 17.7. 



Scales: ca. 56—62. 



Ventral scutes: ca. 39—46. 



Gill rakers: 37-52. 



Fin rays: dorsal 16-20, usually 17-19; 

 anal 16-20, usually 17 or 18; pec- 

 toral 17-19. 



Vertebrae: SS~S1 ('^ specimens). 



Figure 66. Clupea harengus, 315 mm TL, 12.62 inches, USNM 16667. Drawn by H. L.Todd. 



Body compressed, its greatest thickness somewhat less than half of its depth, its 

 depth 3.9-5.0 in SL, much less in very young, 5.2-9.5 in specimens 40-70 mm. 



Scales only moderately adherent, often lost, especially in small fish; scales with 

 crenate membranous border; about 16 or 17 longitudinal rows between ventral edge 

 at base of pelvic and anterior ray of dorsal. Ventral scutes weak, often difficult to 

 count, about 26—33 i" front of pelvic fin and 13-15 behind. 



Head 3.8—4.4. Snout 3.25—4.1 in head. Eye 3.4-4.25. Interorbital 3.0-4.5. 

 Maxillary rounded posteriorly, generally not quite reaching middle of eye, 2.0-2.3 •" 

 head. Gill rakers at angle nearly as long as eye in adults, proportionately shorter in 

 young; increasing in number with age, the principal increase taking place before the 

 specimens reach a length of 100 mm; specimens 36— 70 mm long with only about 

 25—36 on lower limb. Teeth missing in upper jaw; the margin of maxillary with minute 

 serrae; lower jaw anteriorly with about 6 rather prominent teeth on each side; middle 

 of tongue with an elongated patch of small teeth ; vomerine patch elongate, the teeth 

 rather few and fairly strong. 



Dorsal fin little elevated anteriorly, with nearly straight margin, its origin some- 

 what in advance of pelvics, usually nearer to base of caudal than to tip of snout. Caudal 

 with lower lobe rather longer than the upper one, about as long as head. Anal very 

 low, its origin about equidistant between base of pelvic and base of caudal. Pelvic 

 very near ventral edge, inserted equidistant between base of pectoral and last anal 



