314 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



2 b. Greatest depth of body usually greater than length of head, 3.0-3.75 (usually 



3.2-3.6) in SL; teeth missing in upper jaw of adults, those in lower jaw very 

 small (rudimentary); the grayish green color of back blending rather gradually 

 into silvery color of the side; a dark spot at shoulder just behind head, often 

 followed by several smaller spots. mediocris (Mitchill) 18 14, p. 319. 



I b. Lower jaw included or projecting but little, definitely not extending into dorsal 

 outline of head (Fig. 76 c, d); gill rakers 38-41 on lower limb in adults, numer- 

 ous at all ages. 



3a. Diameter of eye generally about equal to length of snout in adults; 41-52 

 (most frequently 44-50) gill rakers on lower limb in adults; peritoneum 

 usually black, sometimes pale with dusky dots; back in fresh examples bluish. 



aestivalis (Mitchill) 18 14, p. 324. 



3 b. Diameter of eye longer than snout at all ages; 38-44 (most frequently 39-41) 



gill rakers on lower limb in adults; peritoneum pale, with dusky dots; back 

 in fresh examples grayish green. pseudoharengus (Wilson) 181 1, p. 332. 



Figure 77. Pomoloius gill rakers on first branchial arch, top, aestivalis, 300 mm TL, USNM 12 5701; 

 LEFT, mediocris, 310 mm TL, USNM 118156; kight, pseudoharengus, 292 mm TL, USNM 117808. All 

 drawn by Nancy D. Patton. 



