Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 271 



and large numbers are cast upon the windward beaches to spring about until a wave 

 rescues them, or until they perish" ((§7: 12). 



The copepod, Colliparvus parvus Wilson, was found on the gills of specimens 

 taken at Nassau, Bahamas (JJ5: 79), and an unidentified trematode was reported as 

 parasitic on it at Tortugas, Florida (^o: 372). 



Relationships. Only two species of Jenkinsia are recognized herein. A third nominal 

 species, stolifera, long was thought to be distinct, but recent works on taxonomy agree 

 that it and lamprotaenia constitute one variable species; since lamprotaenia is the older 

 name, stolifera has become a synonym. J. viridis is closely related to lamprotaenia^ as 

 shown in the account of viridis (p. 272). 



Variations. This species, as indicated, is very variable. While the depth of body 

 in general increases with age, adult specimens of equal size vary greatly in this respect 

 among themselves, as is evident from the wide range shown in the Description. And 

 this in turn is reflected in the wide range in the depth of the caudal peduncle and in 

 the length of the head. A rather wide variation in the number of dorsal, anal, and pectoral 

 rays, and in the number of gill rakers, is also shown in the Description. Although some 

 of the earlier counts may have erred because fins are often broken in preserved specimens 

 (no doubt so in the original description of stolifera)., this error does not enter into those 

 given in the foregoing Description, for ample specimens with undamaged fins were 

 chosen for the enumerations. 



Commercial Importance. Although this little Herring has been reported among the 

 "white bait" in the market at Port-au-Prince, Haiti (JO: 45), no doubt its chief value 

 is that of providing food for foodfishes. 



Range. Known from the Florida Keys, the Bahamas, throughout the West Indies, 

 and from Swan Island, Glover Reef, and Cozumel Island in the Caribbean Sea; recently 

 reported from Venezuela; doubtfully recorded for Beaufort, North Carolina. Appar- 

 ently it is chiefly a shore species. 



Synonyms and References: 



Clupea lamprotaenia Gosse, Naturalist's Sojourn in Jamaica, 185 1: 291, pi. I, fig. 2 (orig. descr.; type local. 

 Jamaica; types in BMNH; found in schools with an anchovy, Engraulis brownii = Anchoa hepsetus); 

 Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 7, 1868: 465 (descr., Jamaica). 



Dussumieria stolifera Jordan and Gilbert, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus. (1884), 7, 1885: 25 (orig. descr.; type local. 

 Key West, Florida; type USNM 34964; local abund.); Bean, T. H., Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm. (1888), 

 8, 1890: 206 (Cozumel, Yucatan). 



Jenkinsia lamprotaenia Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 47 (i), 1896: 419 (descr., after Giinther); 

 Evermann and Marsh, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. (1900), 20(1), 1902: 84 (descr., refs., Puerto Rico); 

 Metzelaar, Rapp. Vissch. Curasao, ed. by J. Boeke, i, W.Indian Fishes, 1919: 9, fig. (refs., descr., 

 range; Leeward Is., West Indies); Beebe and Tee- Van, Zoologica, N. Y., 10 (l), 1928: 43, fig. (refs., 

 descr., range, J . stolifera synon.; Port-au-Prince, Haiti); Breder, Field Bk. Mar. Fish. ."^tl. Cst., 1929: 

 63, fig. (diagn., range); Nichols, N. Y. Acad. Sci., 10 (2), 1929: 201, fig. 32 (refs., distr., diagn., 

 Puerto Rico); Parr, BuU. Bingham oceanogr. CoU., J (4), 1930: 3 (refs.; discus, ident. oi lamprotaenia 

 and stolifera; Bahamas, Turks Is.); Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 

 1930: 46 (range, refs.); Longley and Hildebrand, Publ. Carneg. Instn. Wash., 535, 1941: 12 (discus. 

 lamprotaenia and stolifera; variability; Tortugas, Florida); Hildebrand, Copeia, 1941: 224 (extension 

 of range, Beaufort, North Carolina); Fowler, Monogr. .\cad. nat. Sci. Philad., 6, 1944: 123, fig. 30 



