462 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



Both sexes 



Scales: diagonal rows to end of vertebral column 1 13 (i lo-i 18). 



Branchiostegals : 11 or 12. 



G/7/ rakers: 18 (17-20). 



Dorsal rays; Usually 10 branched rays preceded by one full-length unbranched ray and 

 one (occasionally two) shorter unbranched rays. 



Anal rays: 8 or 9 unbranched rays preceded by one full-length ray and one (occa- 

 sionally two) shorter unbranched rays. 



Figure 120. Salmo salar, 37.8 inches long, probably from Delaware Bay. After Goode; posterior outline of 

 fleshy caudal peduncle somewhat emended. 



Pyloric caeca: 55.4 (40-74) for Salmon taken in or near the mouth of the Miramichi 



River, Quebec {14). 

 Vertebrae: 58.5 (58-61) for 23 specimens from the Moose River, N.S. 



Color. The color of an adult Atlantic Salmon depends on whether it is in salt or 

 fresh water. When it is at sea, its back is blue-green overlaid with a silvery coating, the 

 sides are silvery, and the belly is pearly white. There are scattered black, x-shaped, and 

 round spots on the sides, usually above the lateral line and occasionally below it anteri- 

 orly; a few round black spots are present on the sides of the head. The dorsal fin is 

 dusky, with the lower half lighter. The caudal is dusky (darker posteriorly), usually 

 without spots; and the anal is gray with whitish rays. The pelvics (ventrals) are light- 

 colored, with a few of the anterior membranes dusky, especially above; the pectorals 

 are dusky with a whitish base. 



When the Atlantic Salmon re-enters fresh water, it loses the silvery guanin coat 

 and becomes greenish, or reddish brown mottled with red or orange (more especially 

 in the male), and has large dark spots edged with whitish color. 



The parr of this species (p. 467) is bluish or purplish above and has a series of 

 8— 1 1 or 12 vertical dark crossbars or "parr marks" along each side; also there are 

 blackish spots chiefly above the lateral line anteriorly and on the sides of the head, a 

 red spot between each pair of parr marks, and usually a few other spots. 



