506 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



following Regan {55: 408), proposed alpinus Fabricius 1780 (22: 173) on the assump- 

 tion that Fabricius' alpinus is not separable specifically from his carpio^ an assumption 

 that seems fully justified, so closely do Fabricius' accounts of the two agree. The name 

 alpinus has accordingly been used for the sea-run Arctic charr by a majority of the 

 authors who have studied it within the last few years. In this connection, see especially 

 Vladykov {6y: 929) and Walters {yi: 274). 



The name stagnalis Fabricius 1780 (p. 175) has sometimes been applied to the 

 sea-run Arctic charr (for instances, see References, pp. 523, 524), but it is not an ap- 

 propriate choice, for as Kendall has emphasized (44: 507), Fabricius gave this name to a 

 large Greenland trout (17.3 in.), of remote mountain waters, that never descends to the 

 sea. If Fabricius was correct in using for his Greenland charr the name alpinus of Linnaeus 

 (1758: 510), it follows further that the charr with which we are dealing here is not 

 separable specifically from the Arctic charr of Lapland or perhaps from the charr 

 (or one of the charrs) of England. Indeed, a specimen about 2 1 5 mm TL from Novaya 

 Zemlya does not differ from my smaller specimens from Greenland and Labrador in 

 any evident respect that might be regarded as specific, unless perhaps it differs in a more 

 slender trunk and in a wholly plain coloration with blue-gray back, bright silvery sides, 

 and white lower surface. Present indications are that the red-spotted charr of the 

 alpinus group, named malma by Walbaum in 1792 (69: 66) and which is sea-run 

 along both coasts of the northern North Pacific, deserves recognition as at least a 

 subspecies of alpinus (Dymond, ly : 39), if not as a separate species, as it is classed 

 by Delacy and Morton {12: 81-90). 



The freshwater populations of northeastern continental America have been given 

 separate specific names, i.e. oquassa Girard 1854 for those of the Rangeley Lakes 

 region in northern Maine, aureolus Bean 1887 for those of the cold lakes of northern 

 New England in general, and marstoni Garman 1893 for those known in similar situa- 

 tions in northern Quebec. It remains an open question, however, whether any of these 

 named forms, based chiefly on color and size, differ consistently enough from the typical 

 sea-running alpinus to call for specific or subspecific recognition in zoological nomen- 

 clature; this applies equally to the names that have been proposed for the freshwater 

 populations of Arctic Canada and northward; for a list of these, see p. 524. 



Key to Species of Salvelinus, Taken in Brackish or Salt Water, 

 in the Western North Atlantic 



I a. Dorsal fin and upper corners of caudal with dark wavy or vermiculated markings; 

 color pattern on back, if visible, in the form of darker and paler marblings; length 

 of head from tip of snout to rear margin of gill cover about 3.8—4.4 in SL; anterior 

 contour of head bluntly rounded; pectoral fin broadly rounded (Fig. 128). 



fontinalis (Mitchill) 18 15, p. 525. 



lb. Dorsal and caudal fins with no dark markings; back without darker and paler 

 marblings; length of head from snout to rear edge of gill cover 4.6—5.3 in SL, 



