510 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



as long as longest ray of rayed dorsal; the fleshy appendage beside base of pelvics a 

 little longer than eye. Pectorals noticeably narrower and with more acute tip than 

 in fontinalis, their shape, when spread, as shown in Figs. 125, 126, their origin a 

 little anterior to rearmost edge of gill cover (as \n fontinalis, Fig. 128), the longest 

 ray a little longer than longest ray of rayed dorsal. 



Vertebrae 61—69 recorded; see 

 Tablell. Number of Vertebrae in 558 Arctic Charr Table II for their relative frequency, 

 from the Northeastern Labrador Coast* 



rvLORic CAECA, average 39.1 reported. 



Sexual Dimorphism. See p. 503. 



Color.^ While the young alpinus so- 

 journ in fresh water, their back and the 

 upper part of their sides are of some shade 

 of brown or blackish green with about ten well-marked darker crossbars, the so- 

 called "parr marks." These bars are conspicuous until the little fish have grown to a 

 length of at least 1 50 mm, and they continue discernible up to 240 mm or so, i. e. 

 until after the fish have moved out into brackish or salt water on their first seaward 

 migration. 



While they are in salt water and until the time arrives for their return to fresh 

 water, their back and the upper part of their sides have been variously described as 

 metallic blue, greenish blue, sea green, or steel grey, with metallic reflections; the dark 

 of the back extends forward onto the head and downward there to the tip of the upper 

 jaw. The sides as a whole are pale yellowish, tinged with a fleshy color in some, and 

 marked with a basic pattern of many small spots, yellow or faintly pinkish, and indis- 

 tinctly outlined ; the spots vary widely in size from specimen to specimen — in regularity 

 of distribution, in color, and especially in intensity — being so faint in some as to be 

 scarcely, if at all, distinguishable; they are the most numerous above the lateral line 

 anteriorly, but below the lateral line posteriorly; and they are confined to the upper part 

 of the sides above a line extending from the base of the pectorals to the origin of the 

 lower side of the caudal fin. In salt water, the lower part of the sides becomes overlaid 

 in some specimens with a silver coating so dense that these areas are as silvery as in 

 Atlantic salmon (pp. 462, 463); but others show hardly a trace of silver; the reasons 

 for this difference still remain a subject for speculation. The lower surface is white, 

 sometimes tinged faintly with yellow, without luster. The dorsal fin ordinarily is either 

 colorless or of a pale shade of the back color, sometimes tinged posteriorly with yellowish 

 red or in some cases with purplish black (see below). The caudal is either dusky, purplish 

 black (see below), or colorless, with the outermost rays (below as well as above) yellowish 

 red; and an occasional fish may show irregular dark spots on both dorsal and caudal. 

 The pectorals and pelvics are creamy white. The anal is either creamy white or some- 

 what dusky centrally, tinged with red both anteriorly and posteriorly. 



9. I have no color notes from life. This color account is based on the Study Material, in comparison with published 

 descriptions; see especially Richardson (56: pi. 8), Garman {25: 81, fig. 19), Kendall {44: 505), Johansen {40: 671, 

 pi. 45, figs. 6, 7), Weed (72: 133), Jensen (J9: 68, 69), and Backus (j: 289, 290). 



