572 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



and Snyder, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., 2J, 1901 : 349 (Jap. specimens "not evidently different from Alaskan"); 

 Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., 24, 1902: 587 (descr., color, Kushiro, n. Japan); Schmidt, P. 

 lU., Pisces Mar. Orient, imp. Rossici, 1904: 278-281, 335, 356, 396 (cf. other named species, distr., e. 

 Siberia; Russ.); Smith and Pope, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., jz, 1907: 463 (Shiogama, Japan); Everraann 

 and Goldsborough, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., 26, 1907: 269 (ill., Alaskan locals., refs.); Preble, Biol. Surv., 

 U.S. Dept. Agric, N. Amer. Fauna, 2y, 1908: 513 (Arctic Red R., Mackenzie R. Delta); Pavlenko, 

 Trud. Obshch. estest., Kazan Univ., 4.2 (2), 1910: 15 (Peter the Great Bay, e. Siberia; Russ.); Snyder, 

 Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., 42, 1912: 403 (n. Japan, in markets); Jordan and Metz, Mem. Carneg. Mus., 6 

 (i), 1913: 10 (ill., Korea); Halkett, Check List Fish. Canada, 1913: 55 (Naas R., Brit. Columbia, Red 

 R. of North, Mackenzie Delta, Arctic Canada); Hubbs, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., jS, 1925 : 52 (N. Pacific, 

 Arctic coast of Alaska, cf. Atlantic smelt); Jordan and Hubbs, Mem. Carneg. Mus., 10 (2), 1925: 

 F49 (Hokkaido, Japan); Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish (1928), 2, 1930: 67 (in 

 checklist, Alaska and nw. Pacific, S. to n. China); Tanaka, Fish. Japan, 48, 1930: 947, pi. 188, fig. 511; 

 (descr., ill., refs., Hokkaido, Japan); Schrenkeisen, Field Bk. Fresh-w. Fish. N. Amer., 1938: 72 (possible 

 occur, landlocked. Pacific coast); Gunter, Amer. Midi. Nat., 28(2), 1942: 308 (fresh and saltwater, 

 w. coast, N. Amer.); Nakamura, Contr. Centr. Fisher. Sta. Japan, i (43), 1946-1948: 259 (factors affect, 

 hatch, of eggs). 



Osmerus abbotti Cope, Proc. Amer. philos. Soc, II, 1871 : 490 (Cobessicontic Lake, Maine); Kendall, Occ. Pap. 

 Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 7 (8), 1908: 49 (Cobessicontic Lake, Maine). 



Osmerus spectrum Cope, Proc. Amer. philos. Soc, 11, 1871: 490 (Wilton Pond, Maine); Kendall, Occ. Pap. 

 Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 7 (8), 1908: 48 (Wilton Pond, Maine). 



Osmerus mordax vslT. spectrum Jordan, Manual Vert, north. U.S., ed. i, 1876: 262 (proport. dimens., Wilton 

 Pond, Maine); Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 16, 1882: 294 (diagn., Wilton Pond, Maine). 



Osmerus mordax vax. abbotti Jordan, Manual V^ert. north. U.S., ed. i, 1876: 262 (proport. dimens., Cobessi- 

 contic Lake, Maine); Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 16, 1882: 294 (diagn., Cobessicontic 

 Lake, Maine). 



Osmerus eperlanus dvinensis Smitt, Ofvers. VetenskAkad. Forh., Stockh. (1882), jp (8), 1883 : 34 (name applied 

 to White Sea smelts); Berg, Freshw. Fish. Russia, 1923: 102 (refs., Russ.). 



Osmerus dvinensis Smitt, Hist. Scand. Fish., ed. 2, 2, 1895: 867, ftn. k, 868, table (name applied to White Sea 

 smelts, by ref. to Smitt, 1882; sep. from O. e. eperlanus by length of longest anal ray and gill-raker counts). 



Osmerus mordax abbotti Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 47 (i), 1896: 524 (descr., Cobessicontic 

 Lake, Maine); Jordan, Manual Vert. Anim. NE. U.S., 1929: 54 (size of eye and mouth, Cobessicontic 

 Lake, Maine); Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 67 (landlocked. 

 Lake Cobessicontic, Maine). 



Osmerus mordax spectrum Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 47 (i), 1896: 523 (descr., WiltonPond, 

 Maine); Jordan, Manual Vert. Anim. NE. U.S., 1929: 54 (size of eye and mouth, Wilton Pond, Maine); 

 Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 67 (Wilton Pond, Maine). 



Osmerus eperlanus var. dvinensis Knipowitsch, Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. imp. Sci. St.Petersb., J (2), i8g8: 5, 6, 

 1 1 (cf. typical eperlanus, listed for Murman coast. White Sea). 



Osmerus eperlanus dentex Berg, Freshw. Fish. Russia, 1923 : 102 (diagn., ill., refs., Russ.); Berg, Zoogeographica, 

 Jena, I, 1933: 132 (White Sea, Arctic Siberia); Petrow, Zool. Anz., J07, 1934: 179, 182 {dentex a. 

 recognizable subsp.); Wynne-Edwards, Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, g4, 1952: 17 (Arctic Canada, abund. 

 Mackenzie Delta). 



Osmerus sergeanti Jordan, Manual Vert. Anim. NE. U.S., 1929: 54 (species or subsp., S. of New V'ork). 



Osmerus eperlanus dentex natio dvinensis morpha spirinchus Berg, Zoogeographica, Jena, 1, 1933: 132 (lakes. 

 White Sea region and Kola Renin.). 



Osmerus sergeanti Hubbs, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., 2^, 1925: 52 (species, possibly race). 



Osmerus eperlanus mordax Wynne-Edwards, Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 94, 1952: 17 {mordax subsp. of 

 eperlanus). 



Smelt, Perley, Rep. Sea River Fisher. N. Brunsw., ed. 2, 1852: 37, 62, 8r, 82 (cod bait, abund., taken with 

 fly); Chambers, E.T. D., Forest and Stream, 61 (20), 1903: 380 (Lakes Memphremagog and St. John, 

 Quebec; stunted race in St. John); Stevenson, Canad. Field Nat., ^8, 1944: 128 (status in Lake Huron 

 in 1943); McKenzie, Progr. Rep. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, Atl. Sta., 35, 1944: 24 (decrease in nos., Mira- 

 michi region; favorable results of stream clearance); McKenzie, Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 70, 1946: 

 3-20 (hist., fishery methods, catches, ne. New Brunswick). 



