594 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



Osmerus arcticus Nilsson, Prod. Ichthyol. Scand., 1832: 11 (diagn., spawn., food of cod, Arctic seas to n. Norway, 

 refs.); Nilsson, Skand. Fauna, Fisk., 1855: 441 (refs., descr., habits, distr.). 



Mallotus groenlandicus Cuvier, Anim. Kingd., Pisces, Griffith ed., 10, 1834: 420 (diagn.). 



Salmo {Mallotus) villosus Richardson, Fauna Boreal.-Amer., J, 1836: 187-190 (genl. range, habits, abund., 

 mouth of Back R., trib. to Bathurst Inlet, Arctic Canada, descr., meas., fin-ray counts). 



Mallotus arcticus Kroyer, Danmarks Fiske, j, 1 846-1 853: 23 (descr., ill., habits, range; in Danish); Rae, White 

 Sea Peninsula, 1881: 61 (Murman coast); Smitt, Svenska \'etenskAkad. Handl. (1885), N. F. 2/ (8), 

 1886: 189-196 {arcticus of Greenland cf. villosus of Scandinavia). 



Osmerus microdon Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 21, 1848: 385, pi. 621 (descr., Norway). 



Mallotus villosus (in part) Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 6, 1866: 170 (refs., descr., Greenland, Hudson Bay, 

 but subsp. catervarius includ. by ref. to Kamchatka); Jordan, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1885), 1887: 830 

 (Greenland, Alaska); Jordan and Evermann, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1895), 21, 1896: 294 (Arctic 

 Greenland S. to C. Cod; Alaska; Kamchatka); Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 47 (i), 1896: 520; 47 (4), 1900: 

 pi. 85, fig. 22; (descr., ill., distr.; socialis Pallas 1814 includ. as synon.); Halkett, Check List Fish. Canad., 

 1913' 55 (Greenland, Labrador to C. Cod; refs. to Kamchatka and Brit. Columbia for subsp. f^j/^T- 

 varius)\ Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 66 (refs., xa.nge, socialis 

 Pallas, islands between Asia and Amer. includ.). 



Mallotus villosus villosus Rumjanev; Bull. Pacif. sci. Inst. Fish., Vladivostok, 22, 1947: 35-75 (Eng. summ.; 

 not seen). 



Anchovas or Capelinas, Parkhurst in Hakluyt, Voy. Navig. TrafF. Discov. English Nation, J, 1600: 133 (abund., 

 strandings, pursued by cod, Newfoundland). 



Capelin de I'Amerique septentrionale, Duhamel (coUab. de La Marre), Traite Pech., 2 (i), 1769: 149, pi. 26, 

 figs. 1-8 (descr., ills., sex. dimorph., abund., method of capture, palatability, Newfoundland Bank). 



Capelan, Pennant, Arctic Zool., SuppL, 2, iJ^J ■ 141; also 2, 1792: 349 (refs., descr., abund., use, Iceland, 

 Greenland, Newfoundland); Sars, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1880), 8, 1883: 167-187 (habits, migr., 

 spawn., abund., season, n. Norway to White Sea); Hjort, Rapp. Cons. int. Explor. Mar, 20, 1914: 113- 

 114 (migr., Barents Sea); Bronkhorst, Notes Off. Pech. Marit., Paris, 53, 1927: 75, 151 (abund., St. 

 Pierre and Miquelon, cod bait, exports to France, to U.S.) ; Vladykov, Chasse, Biol. Val. ficon. Marsouin 

 blanc . . . Fleuve Golfe Saint-Laurent, Dept. Pech., Quebec, 1944: 117 (leading item in diet). 



Capelin, ChappeD, Voy. Rosamond to Newfoundld., Labrador, London, 1818: 1 31-134 (spawn, activ., abund., 

 Newfoundland); Anspach, Hist. Nfdld., 18 19: 400 (abund., method of capture. Conception Bay, New- 

 foundland); Perley, Rep. Sea River Fisher. N. Brunsw., ed. 2, 1852: 30, 34, 37, 46-49, 52, 62 (cod 

 bait and manure, rel. to cod fishery, abund.); Rink, Danish Greenland, 1877: 135 (abund., spawn, 

 season, uses w. Greenland; Eng. transl.); Hind in Goode, et ol., Fish. Fish. Industr. U.S., i (3), 1884: 

 545, 546 (winter, grounds, Labrador n. limit); Atwood, Fish. Fish. Industr. U.S., 4, Fishermen, 1887: 

 151 (spawn., bait, s. Labrador); Thompson, Rep. Nfdld. Fish. Res. Comm., J (i), 1930: 43-44 (spawn, 

 temp., possible commerc. exploit., import, as food for cod, Newfoundland); Jeffers, Ann. Rep. biol. Bd. 

 Canada (1930), 1931: 17-18 (age at spawn., incubation rel. to temp.); Sleggs, Rep. Nfdld. Fish. Res. 

 Comm. (1931), I (4), 1932: 34, 35 (summ. of invests., season, temp., predom. of 3-year fish, spawn., 

 larvae). 



Capeling, Audubon, Ornithol. Biogr., 2, 1834: 526 (abund., n. shore Gulf of St. Lawrence). 



Lodde, Hansen and Hermann, Danm. Fisk. Havunders., 15, 1953: 85-88 (genl. habits, range, abund., com- 

 merc. import., Greenland; in Danish). 



