570 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



London, (2) 6, 1871: 2556 (abund., Newfoundld.); Adams, A. L., Field Forest Rambles, London, 

 1873: 243 (spawn., distr., abund.. New Brunswick coast, streams, food for pigs); Cox, Bull. nat. Hist. 

 Soc. New Brunsw., 5(13), 1895: 66 (abund. New Brunswick, landlocked in lakes); Montpetit, Poiss. d'eau 

 douce Canada, 1897: 6, 477 (Quebec City, Trois Rivieres, Quebec; not seen). 



Osmerus eferlanus (in part) Smith, Nat. Hist. Fish. Mass., 1833: 147 (habitat, abund.); Richardson, Fauna 

 Boreal.-Amer., j, 1836: 185 (Halifax, N.S., New England; like Europ. smelt, but origin of pelvics 

 farther rearward, under 6th D. ray; descr. Europ. smelt); Storer, J.Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 2, 1838: 

 432 (descr., abund. Massachusetts); Rep. Fish., Reptiles, Birds, Mass., 1839: 108 (descr., local abund., 

 refs.) ; Liljeborg, Svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. ( 1 8 50), 1 8 5 1 : 304 (Archangel) ; Perley, Rep. Fisher. G. of 

 St. Lawrence, ed. 2, 1852: 23 (see under O. viridescens above) Rice, Rep. Comm. Fish. Md., 1 878 : 41-94 

 (hatchery methods, develop., Raritan R., New Jersey, variations, scales show Amer. smelt same as Europ. 

 smelt, refs.); Smitt, Hist. Scand. Fish., ed. 2, 2, 1895: 86g, 872 {mordax synon. oi eperlanus); Knipo- 

 witsch, Ann. Mus. ZooL, Acad. imp. Sci. St. Petersb., 2, 1897: 153 (White Sea region); Fowler, Proc. 

 Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 6j, 1912: 555 {mordax united with eper/anus, of. French and Amer. specimens). 



Osmerus spirinchus Liljeborg, Svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. (1850), 1851: 304 (White Sea); Smitt, Svenska 

 VetenskAkad. Handl. (1885), N.F., 21 [8], 1886: 168, 189 (White Sea; cf. proport. dimens. for spi- 

 rinchus, dentex, eperlanus); Hist. Scand. Fish., ed. 2, 2, 1895 : 867 (name for Arctic smelts), 868 (distinct 

 from eperlanus and dentex). 



Osmerus mordax Gill, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. (1861), Append., 1862: 53 (in synop., fishes e. coast N. 

 Amer.); Adams, Field Forest Rambles, London, 1873: 306 (freshw.. New Brunswick); Baird, Rep. 

 U.S. Comm. Fish. (1871-1872), 1873: 826 (Woods Hole, Massachusetts); Gill, Rep. U.S. Comm. 

 Fish. (1871-1872), 1873: 810 (e. coast U.S.); Lanman, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1872-1873), 2, 

 1874: 224, 225 (season, abund.. Bay of Chaleur, n. New Brunswick, cod bait, capture with artif fly); 

 Jordan, Manual Vert, north. U.S., ed. I, 1876: 261; and later edits, (descr., range); Goode and Bean, 

 Bull. Essex Inst. Salem (1879), 11, 1880: 23 (abund., season, Essex Co., Massachusetts; cf. Europ. 

 eperlanus'); Bean, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. (1880), j, 1881: 105 (Maine, Massachusetts, Connecticut); 

 Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 16, 1882: 293 (descr., Virginia northward); Goode, et al.. 

 Fish. Fish. Industr. U.S., 1(3), 1884: 543, pi. 199 (range, habits, early abund., fishery); Stearns, 

 Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. (1883), 6, 1884: 124 (abund., C. Breton, Nova Scotia); Bean, Fish. Penn., 1893: 

 64 (Pennsylvania); Jordan and Evermann, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish (1895), 1896: 294 (Virginia to Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence; also Lake Champlain and L. Memphremagog); Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 47 (i), i8g6: 523 

 (descr., range); Low, Ann. Rep. geol. Surv. Canada, App. iii to Rept. L, N.S. 8, 1896: 329 (Northwest 

 R., Lake Melville, head of Hamilton Inlet, Labrador); Anon., Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1897), Append., 

 1898: 188 (no. and descr. of eggs, culturing procedure, artif. propag.. Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, 

 New York); Bean, 7th Rep. Forest Comm. N.Y. (1901), 1902: 2|;6, 351 (New York locals., spawn., 

 eggs, food); Bull. N.Y. St. Mus., 60, Zool. 9, 1903: 282 (descr., size, distr., bait and food for larger 

 salmonoids, habits, season in N.Y., artif. propag. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania; lakes); Schraitt, 

 Monogr. Isle d'Anticosti, 4, Zool., Poiss., 1904; 285 (common, Anticosti; plent. n. coast, Esquimaux Pt.); 

 Fowler, Rep. N. J. St. Mus. (1905), 1906: 115 (descr., ill.. New Jersey, Delaware; sergeanti Norris 

 1868 a synon.); Tracy, 36th Rep. R.I. Comm. inl. Fish., 1906: 57 (season, abund., food, max. size, 

 Rhode Island); Evermann and Goldsborough, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., 20, 1907: 105 (St. Lawrence R. 

 to Quebec City, Trois Rivieres; landlocked. New Brunswick and Quebec) ; Fowler, Amer. Nat., 41, 1907 : 

 7 (SchuylkiU R. and Delaware R.); Kendall, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 7 (8), 1908: 48 (New 

 England locals.); Proc. Portland nat. Hist. Soc, 2(8), 1909: 221 (C. Breton, Nova Scotia, by ref. to 

 Stearns, 1883); Tracy, 40th Rep. R.I. Comm. inl. Fish., 1910: 84 (descr., Rhode Island); Sumner, Os- 

 burn, and Cole, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., JJ (2), 1913: 743 (Woods Hole region, parasites); Halkett, 

 Check List Fish. Canada, 191 3: 55 (genl. range, Lac des Isles, Gatineau R. system, Quebec); Cockerell, 

 Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. (1912), 52, 1914: 136 (scales descr.); Fowler, Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., jj, 

 191 7: 112 (Maine, Massachusetts locals.); Latham, Copeia, 1917: 18 (season. Orient, New York); 

 Wilson, Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., jj, 1917: 59 (copepod parasite. Woods Hole, Massachusetts); Hunts- 

 man, Trans, roy. Soc. Canada, (3) 12 (4), 1918: 63 (Gulf of St.Lawrence, warm surface water layer); 

 Fowler, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., J2, 191 9: 56 (tidal streams, head of Delaware Bay); Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., 

 JJ, 1920: 149 (New Jersey locals., lakes where introduced); Huntsman, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1921), 

 3, 1922: 60 (Bay of Fundy locals., landlocked, Chamcook and Utopea lakes. New Brunswick); Linton, 

 Proc. U.S. nat. Mus., 64, 1925: 71, 102 (cestode parasites); Bigelow and Welsh, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 

 (1924), 40 (l), 1925: 143 (descr., ill., habits, abund., develop., commerc. import.. Gulf of Maine); 



