EFFECTS ON MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS 



241 



Furthermore, leucocytic motility and phagocytosis can proceed quite well 

 under anoxic conditions or in the presence of high concentrations of cyanide. 

 One might predict leucocytes to be sensitive to glycolytic inhibitors, at 

 least under anaerobic conditions. Such was first shown by Ferrari and Hober 

 (1933), iodoacetate at 0.1 mill strongly inhibiting the ability of leucocytes 

 to pick up carmine or charcoal particles, and this was confirmed by Kohler 

 et al. (1951), even 0.027 mM iodoacetate significantly depressing phagocy- 

 tosis. An even greater sensitivity was noted by Siess (1953), the phagocy- 

 tosis of starch granules by guinea pig polymorphonuclear leucocytes being 

 inhibited 50% by 0.005 mM iodoacetate. Initiation of phagocytosis is ac- 

 companied by an elevation of the respiration and lactate formation, whether 

 glucose is present or not, so that apparently phagocytosis initiates an activ- 

 ity type of metabolism (Becker et al., 1958). Evidence that active glycolysis 

 is necessary for phagocytosis was obtained by Sbarra and Karnovsky (1959), 

 but there is an increase in the pentose-P pathway during phagocytic ac- 

 tivity also, whereas oxidative phosphorylation is not important. The met- 

 abolic effects of iodoacetate are summarized in Table 1-37. Iyer et al. (1961) 

 also concur that the energy for phagocytosis apparently comes from gly- 



• 



Table 1-37" 



Effects of Iodoacetate on Glucose Metabolism of Guinea pig 

 Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes 



From Sbarra and Karnovsky (1959). 



colysis, and confirmed the stimulation of resting respiration by 0.1 mM 

 iodoacetate, and the depression of the activity respiration. Although the 

 resting respiration is augmented, the formation of C^^Oo from glucose-1-C^^ 

 is markedly depressed. On the other hand, pyruvate is able to reverse par- 

 tially the depression of phagocytosis by 0.2 mM iodoacetate, although the 



