4IO 



THE INVERTEBRATA 



insects), which are carnivorous, with modified raptorial fore legs, and 

 the Phasmidae (stick and leaf insects), some of which are immensely- 

 elongated and attenuated to resemble sticks or twigs, while others 

 have laminar expansions of the skin which give the animal a resem- 

 blance to leaves, which is closer in the female than in the male. 



Fig, 305. Pachytylus migratorius . A grasshopper. Natural size. 

 From Shipley and MacBride. 



The female phasmid at any rate is almost motionless, and the habit 

 of feigning death is commonly developed in the family. All these 

 characters help to protect the female from observation in the plants 

 which it frequents and of which it eats voraciously. 



In the Saltatoria there are the Acridiidae (locusts and short-horned 

 grasshoppers), the Locustidae (long-horned grasshoppers), and the 



