2 AKT. 6. E. B. NEWTON AND E. HOLLAND : 



I. INTRODUCTION. 



The following report on some fossils from Formosa and the 

 Riü-Kiü Islands has been drawn up from material collected by- 

 Mr. S. Yoshiwaka, and entrusted to us for examination and 

 description by Professor Dr. Kotö of the Science College, Im- 

 perial University, Tokyo, Japan. Three groups of organisms 

 are represented in the collection, viz., Bryozoa, Foraminifera and 

 plants, the different members of which exhibit certain characters 

 enabling us to recognize particular geological horizons. 



The oldest rock identified is an Orbitoidal-limestone which 

 occurs in both the Pacific areas referred to ; an example from 

 Biü-Kiü (Iriomoté Island) exhibiting an abundance of organisms 

 of an exceedingly dwarfed character (see PI. I, fig. 4). We 

 have already called attention to the presence of this limestone at 

 Formosa, 1 in which we recognized Orbitoides {Lepidocyclina) Ver- 

 beeki associated with Lithothamnium (Iiosenber(/i = ) ramosissimum, 

 and other microzoa, and which we regarded as of Miocene age. 



On the present occasion we have determined similar and 

 additional fossils in this material, all of which appear to confirm 

 our first views as to its geological horizon ; moreover the presence 

 of Lithothamnium ramosissimum so abundantly represented in the 

 " Leithakalk " of the Vienna Basin, would strongly suggest that 

 these Pacific limestones might be referred to the " Tortonian " 

 stage of the Miocene epoch, that is, according to the European 

 standard of geological nomenclature. 



Of presumably much later date than the Orbitoidal rock 

 first referred to, the collection contains examples of a raised 



1. Newton and Holland: Journ. Geol. Soc. Tokyo, 1900, Vol. VII, pp. 1-4. 



