4 ART. 6. R. B. NEWTON AND R. HOLLAND : 



This collection contains a third material consisting of a loose, 

 sand earth of dark colour, which was obtained from I toman, 

 Southern Okinawa, where it is said to be " overderlaid dis- 

 cordantly by raised coral-reefs." Whether this represents detrital 

 matter brought down from the interior or a mere surface ac- 

 cumulation such as a beach deposit, the fact remains that it is 

 largely composed of foraminiferal tests belonging to forms found 

 in the surrounding seas. 



So far as the literature is concerned very little is apparently 

 known of the palseontoloy of either Formosa or the Riü-Kiü 

 Islands. 



One of the earliest references on this subject is by Mr. 

 Arthur Corner who 1 recorded the occurrence of " Monstk 

 Hawai " in Formosa, on the top of a high cliff of fossiliferous 

 limestone at a place called the Dragon's Head, which he thought 

 indicated the " Permian period of Palaeozoic times." 



According to H. B. Guppy 2 a modern limestone formation 

 at Ape's Hill, Takaw, S.W. Formosa, has yielded Scutella, 

 Gyclolites, Oslrea, Peclen, etc., although none of them properly 

 determinable and therefore of little importance for horizonal 

 purposes. Kleinwächter 3 follows with a coloured geological 

 map of southern Formosa, and alludes to " Lithostrolia" oc- 

 curring in the Mountain limestone of that area, besides recording 

 " Nummus lœvigata," as an additional fossil to Guppy's list of 

 specimens found in the limestone of Ape's Hill. In the " Geolo- 

 gical Remarks " of this same memoir mention is made of the 



1. Proc. Buy. Geogr. Soc. (London) 1875. Vol. XIX, p. 515. Monotis Hawai was originally 

 described by Meek and Hayden from tlie Permian rocks of north-eastern Kansas (Trans. 

 Albtmy Institute 1858. Vol. 4). 



2. Joum. North China Branch Boij. Asiatic Soc. 18S2, Vol. Iß (n. s.), pp. 13-16. 



3. Same Journal, 18S4, Vol. L8 (n. s.), pp. 37-53, with a geological map of South 

 Formosa. 



