ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LINGULA ANATINA. 97 



In the same year Fritz Müller ('6o) reported from Desterro, 

 Brazil, liis excellent observations on the larval form of Discinisca 

 — a contribution valuable not merely as the first description of 

 free-swimming larvae of the Brachiopoda, [but also as a mine of 

 information so minute and precise that even to-day a zoologist 

 can find in it but little to correct. The latter fact is the more 

 remarkable since at that day but few naturalists, finding so curious 

 a larval form in so remote a region as Desterro, could have 

 determined even the group to which it belonged. 



Next in the fall of 1859, or in the spring of 1860, McCrady 

 ('60) found a larval Brachiopod off Sullivan's Island in Charleston 

 Harbor. This larva is said to have been that of Olotlidla. 



At about the same time or probably a little earlier than 

 McCrady's discovery, Carl Semper ('61) states in his " Reise- 

 bericht " written on the 30th of November 1859, from Zam- 

 boanga in Mindanao, that " ein einziges Mal habe ich eine junge 

 Lingulä getroffen der Stiel fehlt noch," (pp. 103-104). 



In the same year Fritz Müller's second paper ('61) appear- 

 ed, in which he fully described the habits of the Discinisca-\a.rv?e. 



Lacaze-Duthiers ('61, a, '61, b) studied several stages of 

 the embryos of Lacazella (Thecidium) mediterranium Risso. He 

 was the first to observe the' developmental changes in embryos. 



E. S. Morse ('73c 1 ) dredged young Terebrahdina septen- 

 trionaUs Couth., from the harbor of Eastport, Maine, and 

 studied carefully the structure and developmental changes of the 

 arm-apparatus and of the shell. 



The next year Morse ('70) examined young Discina and 

 pointed out resemblances between this form and Terebrahdina. 



Another study by Morse on the embryology of Terebrahdina 



J. Read in '69- 



