MOUNT ST. GOTHARD TUNNEL LABOURERS. 147 



Vittore Carita, is 503/u. long, and the maximum diameter 16yu. It 

 is chitinoid, very thin like a veil, so that it easily escapes observa- 

 tion if it be not very intent. With the maturation of the larvse 

 comes the calcification of the cyst or capsule like that of the Doch- 

 mius. Previous to the calcification of the capsules the Anguil- 

 lulce are still more lively than the Anchilostomatay and move very 

 rapidly in the water. 



ON THE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OP THE SO-CALLED ANGUILLULA 

 STERCORALIS OUT OF THE HUMAN BODY. 



The eggs of the Anguillula stercoralis develop the embryo in 

 the maternal uterus, and the larvee are emitted with the excrements 

 in divers degrees of growth, sometimes already capsuled. Generally, 

 however, they are found in varying number, very lively, and not 

 capsuled in newly evacuated excrements. Having measured several 

 of these larvae, I have found them to be from 200 to 260yLi. long, 

 and 14 to 16/x. broad. They have the anterior part of the body 

 more uniformly large than the larvae of the Anchilostoma and of the 

 so-called Anguillula intestinalis ; the head is larger, the buccal cavity 

 shorter, the pharynx more dilated but shorter, the intestine wider 

 and longer, with swellings or tumours, the genital rudiment very 

 distinct, of navicular shape, very characteristic, about 25/x. long, in 

 the middle 8^. wide. These larvae, after one day of free life, are 

 usually found capsuled. 



Experimenting on the larvse of the three helminthic species briefly 

 described, the action of a graduated temperature with a Schultz's 

 table, I have repeatedly seen that they die at 50 degs. cent, in a 

 space of time never more than 55'. 



On the larvae of the Anchilostoma I have experimented the action 

 of different medicated substances, whose action will be described 

 in my work with illustrative figures. Meantime the fact is that 

 in all the individuals aflfected by Oligemia perniciosa coming 

 from Mt. St. Gothard and examined by me (and they are numerous) I 

 have found in their evacuations more or less number of the eggs of 

 Anchilostoma and Anguillula intestinalis, and in some also innu- 

 merable larvee of the Anguillula stercoralis of Bavay. In all the 

 cases the Anchilostoma and Anguillula are in such considerable 

 number as to explain by their presence alone a more or less serious 

 Anaemia. For which I believed myself justified in asserting that the 

 Anaemia perniciosa becomes epidemic among so many poor creatures 



