TURBINIDAE 12 3 



Arene variabilis Dall Variable Arene 



Plate 17s 

 North Carolina to southeast Florida and the West Indies. 



%6 inch in length, turbinate, similar to A. germna^ but pure white in 

 color, with scale-hke beads, suture more deeply channeled, and with a more 

 rounded periphery. 1 2 very weak beads bordering the more open umbilicus. 

 The 3 spiral rows of beads on the whorl may be almost smooth in some 

 specimens. Very commonly dredged from 20 to 270 fathoms. 



Subja7nily TURBININAE 

 Genus Turbo Linne 1758 



Turbo castaneus Gmelin Chestnut Turban 



Plate 3g 

 North Carolina to Florida, Texas and the West Indies. 



1 to I ^ inches in length. Color orangish, greenish, brown or grayish, 

 commonly banded with flame-like white spots. Aperture white. Callus on 

 columella heavy. Lower lip projects downward. Operculum calcareous. 

 The form named crenulatus Gmelin is merely less tuberculate. 



Section Taenioturbo Woodring 1928 

 Turbo canaliculatus Hermann Channeled Turban 



Plate 3 a 



Lower Florida Keys and the West Indies. 



2 to 3 inches in length. A deep smooth channel runs just below the 

 suture. Surface glossy. 1 6 to 18 strong, spiral, smooth cords on body whorl. 

 Aperture white. Umbilicus narrow. Operculum pale-brown inside with 3 to 

 4 whorls, and white, smoothish and convex on the outside. This is the hand- 

 somest Turbo in the Western Atlantic, and considered a great rarity in 

 American waters. Formerly T. spenglerianus Gmelin. 



Genus Astraea Roding 1798 

 Subgenus Astraliimi Link 1807 



Astraea longispina Lamarck Long-spined Star-shell 



Plate 3 k, m 

 Southeast Florida and the West Indies. 



2 to 2 % inches in width; shell low, almost flat on its underside. Periph- 

 ery of whorls with strong, flattened, triangular spines. Either with or 

 without an umbilicus. Aperture silvery inside. A form which has an elevated 

 spire and is more spinose (pi. 3m) was known as A. spinulosa Lamarck. 

 Short-spined specimens of this species are often erroneously called A. brevi- 



