ENDOMYCETALES 



RHINOSPORIDIUM 



151 



Bhinosporidium Mincliin & Famtham, Quart. Jour. Microscop. Sci. 49: 

 521-532, Pis. 30, 31, 1905. 



The type species is Bhinosporidium Kinealyi Minehin & Famtham. 



Mycelium unknoAvn, org^anism not yet cultivated? Reproduction by mul- 

 tispored asci in host tissues. No trace of sexuality observed. Asci opening 

 by a definite pore, spores ellipsoid, with 4-8 enucleate protein granules which 

 have often been mistaken for spores. 



Until the organism has been cultivated, its position must remain doubtful. 

 The presence of a thick wall about the spore and the absence of an ameboid 

 or flagellar stage after the emergence of the spore makes its reference to the 

 Archimycetes or Chytridiales seem very doubtful, although the structure en- 

 closing the spores is suggestive of a zoosporangium. It seems rather to belong 

 to the Coccidioideaceae where it was placed by Wernicke.* 



Rhinosporidium Seeberi (Wernicke) Seeber, Rhinosporidium Kinealyi et 

 R. Seeberi, une question de priorite, Buenos Aires, 1912. 



fCoccidium Seeberi Wernicke, Programa de Zoologia Medica, Univ. 

 Buenos Aires,* 1900 [also cited Wernicke in Seeber, Tesis, Buenos Aires, 1900] . 



Coccidium Seeheria Wernicke apud Belou, Tratado de Parasitologia 62, 

 303, 1903. 



Bhinosporidium Kinealyi Minehin & Famtham, Quart. Jour. ]\Iicroscop. Sci. 

 49: 521-532, Pis. 30, 31, 1905. 



Found in polypoid growths where the asci lie between the connective tissue 

 cells ; recorded from the nose, nasopharynx, uvula, conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, 

 ear, and penis, cases reported from India, Ceylon, Argentina, and the Mis- 

 sissippi Valley. Noronha (1933) suggests it may be water borne, on account 

 of its extreme prevalence in the fresh-water divers of India. 



The cells in the earliest stages are about 6fi in diameter with a chitinous 

 wall, vacuolated cytoplasm, and a vesicular nucleus with a karyosome (Fig. 

 25, 1). When the cell reaches a diameter of 50-60/1,, mitosis occurs, showing 

 4 chromosomes (Fig. 25, 2). Other synchronous mitoses occur with increas- 

 ing size until the 7th, when the parasite is about 100/a in diameter and has 

 about 128 nuclei. Then the wall becomes greatly thickened with deposits of 

 cellulose except at one point, the future pore (Fig. 25, 3). At the twelfth 

 synchronous nuclear division (about 4,000 nuclei), divisions in the cytoplasm 

 occur, forming rounded masses which divide twice, to form about 16,000 young 

 spores. The mature spore has a chitinous wall, a vesicular nucleolus with 

 karyosome and cytoplasm in the vacuoles of which are 10-16 refringent spher- 

 ules, each about 1.5-2;a in diameter (Fig. 25, 4, 5). The spores are spherical 



*I have been unable to see the orig-inal plac-e of publication of the specific name of R. 

 Seeberi, and if it was published before 1903, apparently it was published in an ephemeral 

 manner (Programa de Zoologia Medica 1900) at the university in Buenos Aires. Ashworth 

 was unable to obtain a copy; Seeber (1912) states that it was named Coccidium Seeberi in 

 that publication. In the Programa dated 1907, Ashworth states that the name is Coccidioidea 

 Seeberi, showing that by 1907 Wernicke had concluded that it was congeneric with Coccidioides. 



