168 MEDICAL MYCOLOGY 



cells very long. Thick-walled, hypnospores abundant. On beef agar (bacto 

 nutrient pH 7.2), growth rapid, forming a smooth felt over whole surface. 

 Mycelium slender, conidia abundant. 



Zymonema dermatitidis (Gilchrist & Stokes) Dodge, n. comb. 



Blastomyces dermatitidis Gilchrist & Stokes, Jour. Exp. Med. 3: 53-78, Pis. 

 4-8, 1898. 



Oidium dermatitidis Ricketts, Jour. Med. Res. 6: 373-547, Pis. 22-33, 1901. 



Cryptococcus Gilchristi Vuillemin apud Gedoelst, Champ. Paras. Homme 

 45, 1902. 



Zymonema Gilchristi Beurmann & Gougerot, Les Nouvelles Mycoses 34, 

 1909. 



Cryptococcus dermatitidis Brumpt, Precis Parasitol.? 1910; Castellani & 

 Chalmers, Man. Trop. Med. ed 2, 769, 1913. 



Mycoderma Gilchristi Jannin, Les Mycoderma 248-253, 1913. 



Mycoderma dermatitidis Brumpt, Precis Parasitol. ? ed. 3, 1922 ; ed. 4, 1213, 

 1927. 



Blastomycoides dermatitidis Castellani, Amer. Med. 23: 291-292, 1928; 

 Amer. Jour. Trop. Med. 8: 383-385, 1928. 



Geotrichum dermatitidis Basgal, Contr. Estudo Blastomicoses pulmonares 

 29, 1931. 



Endomyces dermatitidis Moore, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 49-118, Pis. 

 6, 7, 1933. 



Toridopsis dermatitidis Almeida, Annaes Fac. Med. Sao Paulo 9: 10, 1933. 



Gilchristia dermatitidis Redaelli & Ciferri, Jour. Trop. Med. Hyg. 37: 280- 

 282, 1934. 



Producing generalized blastomycosis as well as cutaneous lesions (ab- 

 scesses and ulcers). In about a tenth of the cases no lesions are noted on 

 the skin. 



In tissues large cells, ovoid or spherical, 8-10-20fjb, membrane 3/t thick, 

 sprouting, often with a large central vacuole in old cells. Lower oxygen pres- 

 sure, lower temperature, and drying of the medium favor the production of 

 hyphae, which are 3-5/1, in diameter. Both terminal and lateral conidia, 6-8/t, 

 are borne on short sterigmata. 



Colonies on solid media humid, dirty white to chestnut, somewhat trans- 

 lucent and gelatinous in appearance, irregular, compact, elevated, rugose or 

 vermicular, adherent to the substrate and in age dry, with an outer layer of 

 ashy aerial hyphae. On glycerol agar, colonies grayish white, becoming 

 opaque, radiate. On potato, thick, white, resembling the skin of a white 

 mouse. Gelatin not liquefied, milk not coagulated. On sugar broths, no pellicle, 

 no fermentation, producing a granular ashy sediment in 12 days. 



The following description is based upon that of Moore (1933). 



In the tissues, cells spherical or ovoid, sprouting, 7-12/i, rarely up to 20/x., 

 either singly or in small groups. The protoplasm is reticulated, granular, and 

 often vacuolated, with a nucleus. The cell wall is thick and highly refractile, 

 giving the appearance of a double contour. This thick capsular wall is soon 



