90 MEDICAL MYCOLOGY 



The nomenclature of Fnngi wliicli have not a pleomorphic life-cycle 

 follows the ordinary rules. 



Section 11.^ — Choice of Names when the Rank of a Group is changed. 



Art. 58. AVhen a tribe becomes a family, when a subg'enus or sec- 

 tion becomes a genus, when a subdivision of a species becomes a 

 species, or when the reverse of these changes takes place, and in gen- 

 eral when a group changes its rank, the earliest legitimate epithet 

 given to the group in its new rank is valid, unless that name or the 

 resulting association or combination is a later homonym (see Art. 60, 

 61). E. g. the section Campanopsis R. Br. (Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 561 : 

 1810) of the genus Campanula was first raised to generic rank by 

 Schrader, and as a genus must be called Wahlenbergia Schrad. (Cat. 

 Hort. Goett.: 1814). not Campanopsis (R. Br.) 0. Kuntze {Eev. Gen. 

 ii, 378: 1891). 



Recommendation XXXVI. 1. When a sub-tribe becomes a tribe, when a tribe 

 becomes a subfamily, when a subfamily becomes a family, etc., or when the inverse 

 changes occur, the root of the name should not be altered but only the termination 

 (-inae, -eae, -oideae, -aceae, -ineae, -ales, etc.), unless the resulting name is re- 

 jected under Section 12 or the new name becomes a source of error or there is 

 some other serious reason against it. 



2. When a section or a subgenus becomes a genus, or the inverse changes occur, 

 the original name should be retained unless it is rejected under Section 12. 



3. When a subdivision of a species becomes a species, or the inverse change oc- 

 curs, the original epithet should be retained unless the resulting combination is re- 

 jected under Section 12. 



Section 12.— Rejection of Names (Art. 59-69, Rec. XXXVII). 



Art. 59. A name or epithet must not be rejected, changed, or modi- 

 fied merely because it is badly chosen, or disagreeable, or because an- 

 other is preferable or better known (see also Art. 69). 



Art. 60. A name must be rejected if it is illegitimate (see Art. 2). 

 The publication of an epithet in an illegitimate combination must not 

 be taken into consideration for purposes of priority (see Art. 45). 



A name is illegitimate in the following cases : — 



(1) If it was superfluous when published, i. e. if there was a valid 

 name (see Art. 16) for the group to which it was applied, with its par- 

 ticular circumscription, position and rank. 



(2) If it is a binary or ternary name published in, contravention of 

 Art. 16, 50, 52 or 54, i. e. if its author did not adopt the earliest legiti- 

 mate epithet available for the group with its particular circumscrip- 

 tion, position, and rank. 



(3) If it is a later homonym (see Art. 61) (except as regards Art. 

 54 and 55). 



(4) If it is a generic name which must be rejected under Art. 67. 



(5) If its specific epithet must be rejected under Art. 68. 



Art. 61. A name of a taxonomic group is illegitimate and must be 

 rejected if it is a later homonym^ that is, if it duplicates a name pre- 

 viously and validly published for a group of the same rank based on a 

 different type. Even if the earlier homonym is illegitimate, or is gen- 

 erally treated as a synonym on taxonomic grounds, the later homonym 

 must be rejected. 



