468 MEDICAL MYCOLOGY 



to kill: Trichophyton tonsurans {T. crateriforme) 2 min., Microsporum fulvum 

 2 min., Achorion gallinae 4 min., Ectotrichophyton granulosum 6 min., and T. 

 Sahouraudi (T. acuminatum) 18 min. Roentgen rays had no effect. One drop 

 of a 0.1% aqueous solution of eosin applied to the point of inoculation on 

 nonpigmented skin sensitizes it to visible light. They found that lesions on 

 guinea pigs infected with T. Sahouraudi cleared up promptly when treated 

 daily with eosin, while controls, both untreated and treated, kept in the dark, 

 did not improve. Scott & McKinley (1930) working with Ectotrichophyton 

 mentagrophytes (T. asteroides) found 30 cm. from an "Alpine sun lamp" for 

 5 min. fatal to the fungus in 2 c.c. of saline solution in quartz tubes. Miescher 

 (1925), working with Ectotrichophyton mentagrophytes (Trichophyton gyp- 

 seum) found that 1 mg. radium at 4-8 cm. distance did not influence germina- 

 tion. He also found that 24.9 mg. radium filtered through 0.1 mm. silver 

 filter at 3-10 cm. distance did not influence growth of a 5-week-old culture. 

 The same amount of radium at 15 mm. distance began to slow up growth after 

 8 days and stopped it after 14 days. No growth stimulation was noted. 



Verujsky (1887) reported that spores of T. tonsurans were killed by heat- 

 ing in distilled water to 49° C. for 10 min., while Achorion spores germinated 

 after such treatment. 



Verujsky (1887) also reported that Achorion does not utilize sugar while 

 Trichophyton tonsurans utilizes it, forming oxalic acid as an intermediate 

 product. Saccharose is not inverted. On malt medium the weight of mycelium 

 is about half the weight of sugar consumed by it ; if glycerol is added to the 

 medium this ratio is 2 :3. Both organisms liquefy gelatin rapidly. Macfay- 

 den (1894) confirmed this for gelatin and found no action of milk or fibrin; 

 T. tonsurans grew on keratin, but he was unable to demonstrate an enzyrae 

 attacking it. Roberts. (1899) found protease in cultures 6 years old. Bodin 

 (1899, 1901) worked on Microsporum equinum but, as he mentions an Oospora 

 form which was probably a contaminant, it is difficult to know which action 

 was due to which organism. In 1902 he found that Achorion muris utilizes 

 glucose more readily than lactose or maltose and that casease, rennin, and 

 gelatinase are excreted to the culture medium. 



In 1907 he described trypsin, gelatinase, rennin, and casease in Achorion 

 gypseum. In 1922 Greenbaum reported liquefaction of gelatin in 24 hours by 

 Ectotrichophyton mentagrophytes, E. granulosum, E. lacticolor, and E. felineum, 

 Megatrichophyton vinosum, Trichophyton tonsurans (T. crateriforme), T. Sah- 

 ouraudi (T. acuminatum) , T. sulfureum, T. exsiccatum, T. fumatum, T. flavum, T. 

 plicatile, Favotrichophyton violaceum, Microsporum puhescens, M. canis and Ach- 

 orion muris, very slow liquefaction by Megatrichophyton roseum, Microsporum 

 fulvum, M. Audouini, Achorion Schoenleini, and A. gallinae. He reports no fer- 

 mentation of sugars and no indol production. Mallinckrodt-Haupt (1928) re- 

 ports trypsin in Ectotrichophyton mentagrophytes, Megatrichophyton roseum, 

 Favotrichophyton violaceum, Achorion muris, and A. Schoenleini. Hopkins 

 and Iwamoto 1923, using 99 strains and 17 carbohydrates, found acid produc- 

 tion from d-mannite, mannose, d-glucose, and d-fnietose, none in lactose, 



