TRICHOPHYTONEAE 471 



Catanei (1932) has shown that following ingestion of spores of Ecto- 

 trichophyton mentayro^jhytes by the guinea pig, typical lesions are produced 

 on the scarified back in approximately the same time taken for the lesion to 

 result from direct inoculation on the scarified back. Dhayagude (1931) fails 

 to confirm the work of Brocq-Rousseu, and Urbain & Barotte (1926), finding 

 no pathogenicity on intravenous and intraperitoneal injections. 



The oxygen requirement of these organisms has been little studied. 

 Kadisch (1930, 1933) found that growth was always superficial, never in 

 mucous membranes and found that with Achorion gypseum there was slower 

 growth at lower oxygen pressure. Intraperitoneal injection in the frog 

 showed growth of the organism in the lungs, not in other organs. Following 

 up this idea in 1931, Kadisch & Loewy reported that with increasing alti- 

 tude, the period of incubation lengthened from 4 to 10 days, the lesions w^ere 

 smaller, there was less infiltration and scaling and that the hyphae were less 

 abundant in the lesions, apparently due to lowered oxygen pressure. Kadisch 

 (1929) has also studied the question of subcutaneous and intracardial inocu- 

 lations of Achorion gypseum. In the guinea pig, no growth was found on the 

 internal organs in vivo, but growth occurred when they w^ere removed and 

 incubated at temperatures below normal body temperature. He found best 

 growth at 27° C. Similar conditions prevailed in the frog, the organism 

 surviving a. long time in the internal organs. Similarly Jadassohn (1927) 

 showed that with Achorion muris, in one to one and a half hours after cutane- 

 ous infection, the organism could be found in the blood and would produce 

 skin lesions in sandpapered areas. In 1928, he showed that A. muris grows 

 readily on excised guinea pig organs, although it does not produce lesions in 

 vivo. Microsporum Audouini and Ectotrichophyton mentagrophytes grow on 

 sterile skin taken from the body under sterile conditions. In 1931, Jadassohn 

 and Rehsteiner attempted inoculations in the eye, using A. muris, A. ScJioen- 

 leini, Microsporum Audouini, and EctotrichopJiyton mentagrophytes, but found 

 no growth except in the lens with Achorion Schoenleini and E. mentagrophytes. 

 Toma (1929) secured infection of hairs in vitro by moistening them with a 

 dilute solution of sugar and peptone in serum. 



Fabiani (1932) reports that Achorion Schoenleini will not grow in media 

 which has grown Staphylococcus and Avill grow well on the antivirus of the 

 same strain (originally isolated from the same lesion as the Achorion). 



McNeal}' & Liehtenstein (1929) call attention to frequent flare-ups of 

 chronic ringworm conditions following trauma. 



Therapeusis.— No attempt will be made to cover this phase at all fully. 

 The botanist w^ho may wish to know something of the preparations commonly 

 used in dermatology, will find much useful information in Abramowitz' ex- 

 cellent formulary (1931). Papers dealing with this phase may be divided 

 into two groups : those resulting from dermatologic practice with experi- 

 mentation on human lesions in vivo, and those resulting from surveys of 

 various groups of toxic substances on a variable number of organisms in 

 laboratory culture with conditions variously controlled. Unfortunately the 



