474 MEDICAL MYCOLOGY 



are returning- to manual epilation. A deep violet nickel oxide glass is used 

 to screen out the visible spectrum while transmitting 70-80% of the ultra- 

 violet light. This lamp is currently known among dermatologists as a Wood 

 light. (Roxburgh 1927, Hill 1928.) 



Mallinckrodt-Haupt & Carrie (1934) have attempted further study of the 

 fluorescent substance. The fungi growing on the usual media do not show 

 fluorescence, but do fluoresce when grown on Fink's medium consisting of 

 1,000 c.c. water, 100 gm. sucrose, 1 gm. urea, 0.5 gm. calcium chloride, 

 0.4 gm. magnesium sulphate, 0.75 gm. monopotassium phosphate, 0.25 gm. di- 

 sodium phosphate, and 0.14 gm. calcium carbonate. Achorion Schoenleini fluo- 

 resces greenish, gradually changing to copper-blue in age, Microsporum Audouini 

 greenish yellow changing to yellowish green, EctotricJiophyton mentagrophytes 

 {Trichophyton gypseum asteroides) greenish blue changing to blue, Epidermo- 

 phyton floccosum {E. inguinale) slightly green, and Sporotrichum Schencki 

 (S. Beurmanni) green changing to blue. They were unable to extract the 

 fluorescent substance by any of the usual solvents, but the substance diffuses 

 out of the mycelium on treatment with either acids or alkalis. Apparently the 

 substance is localized in the cell walls of the hyphae but is not found in spores. 

 They were unable to purify the substance completely. 



Davidson and Gregory (1933) emphasize the desirability of examining 

 pet animals suspected of ringworm as well as patients, citing the case of a 

 child with extensive lesions due to Microsporum felineum contracted from a 

 kitten which failed to show the disease at the ordinary clinical examination, 

 but revealed a few scattered infected hairs on the face and about one ear upon 

 examination in ultraviolet light. 



Immunology and Related Phenomena. — This subject has been thoroughly 

 reviewed by Bloch (1928 a) and will not be considered in detail here, as it is 

 largely beyond the province of this work. Bloch summarizes the work mostly 

 done on Achorion (subgenus Neoachorion), Ectotrichophyton and to a slight 

 extent on Microsporum (subgenus Neomicrosporum), and Favotrichophyton. 



If the skin of man or other exj^erimental animal is inoculated with a 

 pathogenic dermatophyte, either cutaneously or by way of the blood stream, 

 the fungus grows only in the horny layer of the skin. The metabolic products, 

 developing primarily at the site of inoculation, but also in other organs, espe- 

 cially throughout the skin, determine the fate of the fungus; the nature, 

 duration, and healing of the lesion; and the subsequent reaction (after com- 

 plete healing of the primary lesion) to a reinoculation or to an application 

 of the toxin produced by the fungus (trichophytin). This change in the con- 

 stitution (especially of the skin) is allergic. The degree of allergy (reaction 

 to reinoculation) is dependent on the species and virulence of the particular 

 strain of the fungus, the duration, depth, and number of the primary lesions 

 (especially in man), the number of inoculations (increase of allergy with 

 number) ; the choice of experimental animal, perhaps also the region of the 

 skin, and the time and site of the reinoculation (allergy begins when anti- 

 bodies are first formed as the primary lesion has reached its crisis and begins 



