TRICHOPHYTONEAE 523 



Primary colonies variable in size, center with irregular folds or a central 

 knob Avith few radial furrows. Growth more rapid than F. violaceum, 4 cm. 

 in 6 weeks, never violet, pale brown, surface moist and shining on maltose, 

 colonies flat with large thick papillae in the center, also moist and of the same 

 color. In flask cultures, the center may remain glabrous, but be surrounded 

 by a ring of papillae. On dextrin agar colonies similar with a broAvnish 

 aureole several millimeters in diameter. No trace of pleomorphism. 



Favotrichophyton violaceum (Sabouraud ap. Bodin) Dodge, n. comb. 



Trichophyton a culture violet fonce Sabouraud, Ann. Derm. Syphiligr. Ill, 

 3: 1061-1087, 2 pis., 1892; Trichophyties humaines 128, 129, 1894. 



Trichophyton violaceimi Sabouraud apud Bodin, Champ. Paras. Homme 

 113, 1902. 



Bodinia violacea Ota & Langeron, Ann. Parasitol Hum. Comp. 1 : 329, 1923. 



Arthrosporia violacea Grigorakis, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. X, 7: 414, 1925. 



Producing tinea tonsurans, herpes circinata, onychomycosis and sycosis, 

 in man, apparently largely, if not wholly, confined to the Semitic group, from 

 Russia and Poland to France and from Palestine to Algeria and portions of 

 the Sudan wdience it was originally described. In America, largely confined 

 to immigrants from these regions or their children. Inoculable on Macacus 

 inuus (Catanei 1928) guinea pig, dog, and cat by Catanei (1929). Prochaska 

 (1926) reports an outbreak among Kalmuk immigrants from the Don region 

 attending a gymnasium in Praha. It did not spread to other students. 



Colony violet (rarely bister at first), rounded, often with a little button 

 at the center. Surface shining, wath five or six regular radial folds. No pig- 

 ment at 37° C. (Weiss 1930). After a few subcultures or at lower tempera- 

 tures the violet color begins to be lighter, the colony grows faster, becomes 

 yellowish gray with a tendency for the folds to become contorted, sometimes 

 pigment limited to one segment. On old cultures the velvet is short, white, 

 covering from a third to a half of the colony leaving free the violet center. 

 Growth about half as fast as in Trichophyton tonsurans, rarely more than 3 cm. 

 in diameter. On Pollacci agar, dark brownish red (Fujii 1931). No pleomor- 

 phism but old cultures may become powdery, velvety, or chalky and grayish 

 white. On transplants the normal colony reappears. On potato and carrot, 

 colonies similar to those on Sabouraud media. On coagulated serum, colonies 

 small, whitish and glabrous. No grow^th on wheat. 



The moistness of the colony suggests the faviform group. Pleomorphism 

 present. If this organism is of animal origin, such a source has not been 

 proved, although Sabouraud suspects the dog ; Mibelli, the horse ; and Minne, 

 domestic fowls or pigeons. 



Var. khartoumense (Chalmers & Macdonald) Dodge, n. comb. 



Tricliopliyton violaceum var. khartoumense Chalmers & Macdonald. Jour. 

 Trop. Med. Hyg. 18: 145-147, 1 pi., 1915. 



