450 



MEDICAL MYCOLOGY 



the mycelium which bears the chlamydospore is slender. In the primary my- 

 celium the cells may vaiy in shape from clavate to that of a tennis racquet (Fig. 

 78). This peculiarity is not confined to the dermatophytes but is also found 

 in some of the Endomycetales. Sometimes the terminal cells only become 

 clavate (the terminal clubs of Sabouraud), or if a number of short terminal 

 branches swell at the same time, they form the favic candelabra which are 

 often abundant and quite characteristic of A. Schoenleini on the standard 

 media. These have been generally interpreted as forms induced by cultiva- 

 tion on unsuitable media (formes a souff ranee) or, more recently by Grigorakis 

 as a final stage in the degeneration of reproductive organs following cultiva- 





Fig. 79.' — Nodular organs: 1, 2, Trichophyton cas du Horta ; S-H, Megatrichophyton 

 equinum. Pectinate organs; 15, IS, M. equinum; 17, Microsporum canis ; 18, M. umbonatum ; 19, 

 Trichophyton cas du Horta. (After Ota & Langeron 1923.) 



tion on artificial media. In some species typical curved hyphae bear on one 

 side short projections which give the hyphae a pectinate or denticulate ap- 

 pearance (Pig. 79, 15-19). Some authors regard these as degenerate forms 

 of those pectinate or denticulate hyphae which in Ctenomyces of the Gymno- 

 ascaceae ornament the hyphal tangles bearing the asci. Grigorakis regards 

 them as the shriveled remains resulting from the formation of aleurospores or 

 of lateral chlamydospores. In some cases they may also result from unfavor- 

 able environmental conditions. 



On the other hand, the so-called nodular organs seem to be an initial stage 

 in the degeneration of the Gymnoascaceous fructification (Fig. 79, 1-14). Some- 



