618 



MEDICAL, MYCOLOGY 



is formed independently of the ascogonium on another hypha ; often it grows 

 from two or three slender branches at the base, more rarely from a higher 

 coil of the ascogonium. Occasionally it may arise even inside the helix and 

 thus appear much like Aphanoascus and Ctenomyces. Fusion of ascogonium 

 and antheridium has not yet been demonstrated. The antheridium appears to 

 be vestigial ; the nuclei often degenerate before it reaches its full length, or it 

 ceases its growth halfway and does not reach the tips of the ascogonial spiral ; 



Fig. 98. — Penicillium Wortmanni. 1, conidiophore and conidla ; 2, the multinucleate as- 

 cogonium and young antheridium ; S, the antheridium is in open communication with the as- 

 cogonium, but the male nucleus remains in the antheridium ; .}-7, the ascogonium surrounded 

 by sterile hyphae is divided Into binucleat« cells which are beginning to develop ascogenous 

 hyphae (X900). (After Dangeard 1907.) 



or it may be entirely absent. In any case, the ascogonium develops partheno- 

 genetically; it divides into binucleate cells, some of which grow to ramose 

 ascogenous hyphae. 



In the fourth group, comprising Aspergillus flavus and A. Fischeri (A. 

 fumigatus Auct. non Fres.), the antheridium is no longer formed (Dangeard 



