ACTINOMYCETEAE 743 



Occasionally tips of hypliae are swollen to five or six times liyphal diameter, 

 probably as a degeneration phenomenon rather than for spore formation. 

 Optimum temperature 37° C, no growth at 17°-22°, nor at 40° C. Organism 

 aerobic. Gram-positive. 



On solid media, e.g., nutrient agar with sugar, colony shows an irregularly 

 indented contour, gray Avhite, brownish in age — light brown by transmitted 

 light, dark brown when opaque. Surface dull, uneven, folded regularly in 

 radiating lines in old colonies, adherent, circumscribed, hemispheric or ir- 

 regularly verrucose in appearance. No growth on gelatin or potato. Coagu- 

 lated blood serum is an unsuitable medium unless sugar is added. A Avhite, 

 powdery deposit appears in liquid media, the medium remaining clear. Alco- 

 hol somewhat oxidized to acetic acid. 



Actinomyces niger (Rossi-Doria) Brumpt, Precis Parasitol. ed. 4, 1206, 

 1927. 



Streptothriic chromogena Gasperini (fide Rossi-Doria). 



Streptothrix nigra Rossi-Doria, Ann. 1st. Ig. Sperim. Univ. Roma N. S. 1 : 

 399-438, PL 8, 1891. [cf. Foulerton & Jones 1902.] 



Nocardia nigra Castellani & Chalmers, Man. Trop. Med. ed. 2, 1913. 



Isolated from air by Rossi-Doria. 



Colony white, substrate blackened on sugar media. Colonies on egg white 

 remain humid, not becoming powdery. Milk is coagulated and digested in 

 about 10 days, becoming yellowish red and then brown. No acid produced. 



Actinomyces lingnalis (Weibel) A. Sartory & A. Bailly, Mycoses Pulmo- 

 naires 252, 1923. 



Vibrio lingualis Weibel, 1888. 



Spirosoma lingualis Migula, 1892. 



Streptothrix lingualis Bajardi, Centralbl. Bakt. I, 36: 129-137, 1 pi., 1900. 



Found in mouth. Of doubtful pathogenicity to guinea pig. 



On a gelatin plate, after 12-24 hours at 18° C, small punctiform colonies 

 appear throughout the whole medium. On magnification, these colonies ap- 

 pear yellowish with irregular margins from which project branched hyphae. 

 On agar plate, growth similar except that individual isolated branches rarely 

 project from the colonies into the medium. On gelatin stab, surface growth 

 elevated, round, with center depressed, not spreading far from point of in- 

 oculation. Margins wavy. Along stab, short dendritic projections with 

 clavate ends perpendicular to line of stab, the length of these projections 

 decreasing with distance from the surface, giving appearance of a test tube 

 brush. Growth on agar stab somewhat similar except that colony is more 

 extended, with fine wavy margins and small elevations on the surface which 

 appear to be due to overlapping colonies. Color dirty white, gradually be- 

 coming yellowish. Along the stab a band with finely lobate margins. Streak 

 culture on agar slant shows a dirty white covering with surface at first moist, 

 later dry, not developing far from the line of inoculation. In older cultures, 

 appearance finely verrucose and canary yellow in color. Warts like pinheads 



