ACTINOMYCETEAE 731 



Streptothrix hovis Chester, Man. Determinative Baet. 361, 1901. 



Sphaerotilus hovis Engler, Syllabus Pflanzenfam. ed. 5, 5, 1907. 



This organism is the common cause of actinomycosis or lumpy jaw in 

 cattle. Many strains, which probably belong elsewhere, have been referred 

 here. In view of this confusion, Puntoni (1931) would discard the name alto- 

 gether, in favor of the later more carefully described species of Gasperini and 

 others. Apparently current usage tends strongly toward the identifica- 

 tion of A. hovis with A. sulfureus of Gasperini. The following species descrip- 

 tion is taken from Froilano de Mello & Pais (1918), from Bergey (1923), and 

 from Puntoni 's description of A. sulfureus. 



Slender branching hyphae, 0.4-0.6/^ in diameter. Large club forms are 

 seen in animal tissues ; gram-positive. 



Colonies on glycerol agar, waxy, smooth, yellowish, umbilicate cartilagi- 

 nous, adherent to the medium. In age, they tend to become brown and color 

 the medium. They are covered with a sulphur-colored efflorescence. On 

 synthetic agar, growth restricted, yellowish aerial mycelium appears late, 

 becoming light sulphur yellow, powdery. On starch agar, dirty yellow. On 

 plain agar, colony abundant, cream colored, becoming fawn colored, brown 

 or almost black. On gelatin stab, inverted fir tree, colonies on surface opaque, 

 white, punctif orm. On coagulated serum, colonies similar but larger, adherent, 

 no pigmentation. On potato, growth abundant, wrinkled, gray to canary yel- 

 low; starch hydrolyzed. On carrot, whitish gelatinous colony not adherent. 

 On glycerol broth and other liquid media, no pellicle, sediment of punctiform 

 colonies. (Bergey reports thin yellowish pellicle.) Milk slowly coagulated 

 and digested, sugars not fermented. Gelatin and serum digested. Acid in 

 glucose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, and glycerol. Optimum temperature 37° C. 



Actinomyces Lanfranchii Sani, 1916. 



Nocardia Lanfranchii Froilano de Mello & Pais, Arq. Hig. Pat. Exot. 6: 

 178, 1918. 



Isolated by Finzi from glandular and ganglionar actinomycoses of ox. 



Gram-negative. Otherwise very close to A. hovis [original description 

 not seen]. 



Actinomyces liquefaciens (Hesse) Brumpt, Precis Parasitol. ed. 4, 1192, 

 1927. 



Cladothrix liquefaciens Hesse, Deutsche Zeitschr. Chirurg. 34: 275-307, 

 Pis. 11, 12, 1892. 



Nocardia liquefaciens Castellani & Chalmers, Man. Trop. Med. ed. 2, 818, 

 1913. 



Discomyces liquefaciens Neveu-Leniaire, Precis Parasitol. Hum. 42, 1921. 



Oospora liquefaciens Sartory, Champ. Paras. Homme Anim. 778, 1923. 



Streptothrix huccalis Goadby, 1903, non Roger, Bory & Sarto^^^ 



Isolated from a mycosis of the inguinal region, showing light yellow grains. 



Spores short, coccoid. Organism is a strict aerobe, gram-positive. 



Cultivable with difficulty. On glycerol agar, colonies confluent, giving 

 a thick, snow-white covering, reverse dark yellow after two months, strong 



