BRYOZOA 257 



mandible often prolonged into a lony-, slender spine; oo^cia globose, above 

 the zocrciuni: cosmopolitan; from tide lines to 300 fathoms. 



Family 10. MYRIOZOIDAE. 



Colony incrusting or rising in a foliaceous or dendroid expansion; 

 zooeeia calcareous without raised margins or membranous area; opening 

 A\^ith an indentation in the lower lip: 5 genera. 



ScHizoPORELLA Hincks. Colony incrusting, sometimes several lay- 

 ers thick, or occasionally forming foliaceous expansions; avicularia 

 usually lateral: over 100 species. 



S. unicornis (Johnston) (Fig. 420). Zooeeia ovate or rectangular 

 with a punctate surface, often silvery in appearance, an avicularium on 

 one or both sides of the opening; orifice circular; ooecia globose, with 



Fig. 418 Fig. 419 Fig. 420 



Fig. 418 — Cribrilina annulata (Osburn). Fig. 419 — MicroporeUa ciliata (Osburn). 

 Fig. 420 — Schizoporella unicornis (Osburn). 



radiating grooves ; colony f onus a white or reddish spreading crust : South 

 Carolina to Massachusetts Bay; from tide lines to deep water, on shells, 

 stones, etc. ; often very common ; Europe. 



S. hyalina (L.). Zooeeia elliptical, arranged irregularly in radiating 

 rows; surface smooth and shiny, often glassy and transparent; opening 

 terminal variable in shape, sometimes without the indentation; ooecia 

 globose and punctate: Long Island Sound to the Arctic Ocean from tide 

 lines to deep water; on stones, etc., and often forming nodules on hydroids; 

 cosmopolitan ; California. 



Family 11. ESCHARIDAE. 



Colony calcareous and incrusting, or erect, being lamellate or den- 

 dritic; zooeeia without raised margins or membranous area; sometimes 

 with secondary opening, either elevated and enclosing an avicularium or 

 not : numerous genera. 



1. Lepralia Johnston. Zooeeia usually ovate, with a more or less 

 horseshoe-shaped orifice which is arched above and straight and often 

 nan-ow below; colony incrusting or foliaceous, often radiating from a 

 central point : about 70 species. 



