418 



ARACHNIDA 



on the cephalothorax ; male without the calamistrum : common in shady 

 woods and bushes, especially in the lower dead branches of pines. 



2. Hyptiotes Walckenaer. Cephalothorax nearly circular, trun- 

 cate behind; eyes of the posterior row very much 

 larger than those of the anterior: 1 American species. 

 H. cavatus (Hentz) (Fig. 656). Length of 

 female 5 mm. ; abdomen ovoid, with 4 pairs of slight 

 elevations covered with stiff hairs; color brown; web 

 triangular in shape, with but 4 rays which radiate 

 from a common strand held taut by the spider, and 

 with cross strands : common, especially in pine woods. 



Fig. 656— Web of 



Hyptiotes cavatus 



(Emerton), 



Family 2. DICTYNIDAE. 



With cribellum and calamistrum in female but 



not in male; lateral eyes near together on each side; 



web irregular, usually a dense network of threads Avith a hole into which 



the spider retreats, found in open places: about 35 American species. 



1. DlCTYNA Sundevall. Small spiders with sternum extending be- 

 tween the hind legs; legs w^ithout spines; all the eyes of about same 

 size ; head high arched, about half as wide as the thorax 



and distinctly marked off from it: numerous species, 

 about 19 in America. 



D. sublata (Hentz) {D. muraria Emerton). Body 

 gray in color, with dark median marking on the abdo- 

 men, and about 3 mm. long; cribellum large: web on 

 walls, fences, weeds, etc., often conspicuous because 

 of the dust it collects; common. 



D. foliacea (Hentz) {D. volupis Keyserling). 

 Body about 3 mm. long; cephalothorax brown; abdo- 

 men yellow in the middle, and brown or red at the 

 sides ; legs pale ; abdomen about as wide as the cephalo- 

 thorax: web in bushes; common. 



2. Amaurobius Koch. Sternum not extending between the hind 

 legs; cribellum divided into 2 parts; head large and distinctly marked 

 off from the thorax; legs with spines: about 7 American species. 



A. benneti (Blackwall) {A. sylvestris Emerton) (Fig. 657). Body 

 10 mm. long; cephalothorax dark brown; abdomen gray with median 

 yellowish markings ; the epigynum has 2 lateral lobes which meet behind : 

 web under stones and sticks; common. 



A. ferox (Walckenaer). Like above, but the lateral lobes of the 

 epigynum do not meet behind: in houses, especially cellars; an European 

 species introduced into this country. 



Fig. 657 — Amau- 

 rohius henneti 

 (Emerton). A, dor- 

 sal aspect ; B, male 

 pedipalp without 

 terminal segment. 



