body at the level of the pharynx or 

 somewhat lower; often there is a 

 common sex aperture. As an ex- 

 ception, the sex apertures on the 

 ventral side are almost medial 

 ( Nitzschia ). The copulatory organ 

 is without chitinous armature. The 

 testes are numerous or there are 

 two. The ovary is rounded or lobe- 

 shaped and lies medially in front of 

 the testes. The vaginal duct is P- 374 



single, for the most part it is long 

 and opens on the side of the body from 

 the ventral side (submarginally, 

 nobis) close to the basic aperture; 

 less often it is short and opens 



on the ventral side of the body between 

 the intestinal trunks. 



Parasites of marine, less 

 often transitory (migratory, nobis ) 

 Perciformes, Tetrodontiformes, 

 Pleuronectiformes, Acipenseriformes, 

 Mugiliformes, and Selachiformes. 



Six subfamilies belong here: 

 Capsalinae Johnston, Megalocotylinae 

 Bychowsky, subfam. nov. , Trochopodinae 

 (Price) Sproston, Entobdellinae 

 Bychowsky, subfam. nov. , Encoty- 

 llabinae Monticelli, and Nitzschiinae 

 Johnston. 



The research on Capsalidae 

 w^as conducted by numerous authors 

 from the end of the 18th century, but 



Fig. 278. Diagram of the correlations 

 of the muscular septa and the chitinous 

 armature of the attaching discs of 

 Capsalidae. A- -Capsalinae and 

 Megalocotylinae ; B - -Entobdellinae 

 and Nitzchiinae; disappearing septum 

 on the diagram B is indicated by a 

 dotted line. 



446 



