2. Family Anthocotylidae Bychowsky, fam. nov. 



(Figs. 6, 42, 104, 301) 



Discocotylidae Price, 1936, part.; Anthocotylinae Price, 1936. 



Discocotylinea having middle and large sizes. The attaching 

 apparatus consists of a disc more or less delimited from the body, bearing 

 one pair of edge, 2 pairs of middle hooks and 4 pairs of attaching clamps 

 of the discocotylid-type but having 1-3 more supplementary chitinous plates 

 in addition to the 5 basic ones. The hooks are located on an elongated 

 finger-shaped or linguaform outgrowth of the lower part of the disc. The 

 eyes are absent among the adult forms. The copulatory organ has chitinous 

 armature in the shape of a little corona of hooks, more seldom the 

 armature is absent. Vaginal ducts exist. They open ventrally by the 

 lateral apertures or, as an exception, the vaginal ducts are absent (Vallisia). 

 The remaining characteristics are similar to the ones of Mazocraeidae. 



Parasites of marine fishes (Gadidae, Bramidae, Carangidae, 

 and Gempylidae). 



Type genus', Anthocotyle Beneden and Hesse, 1863. 



In addition to the type genus the genus^ Winkenthughesia Price, 

 1943, and probably Vallisia Parona and Perugia, 1890, enter into the 

 composition of the family. 



As was already indicated in the description of Discocotylidae, 

 the presence of 3 pairs of chitinous hooks on the attaching disc of the adult 

 animals is a characteristic distinction of the present isolated family, in 

 contrast to one pair in Discocotylidae. However, in addition to this, 

 although the clamps of Anthocotylidae are built along the type common to 

 Discocotylidae they, nevertheless, differ by the presence of supplementary 

 plates. Thus, a small unpaired plate which adjoins by its anterior end the 

 posterior end of the large (basic) unpaired plate and with its posterior 

 articulating with both lateral plates of the edge of the posterior lobe appears 

 in the posterior valve behind the middle plate of Anthocotyle (Fig. 42). In 

 Winkenthughesia (Fig. 301) there is no similar formation but there are 2 p. 427 



symmetrical plates located anteriorly from both lateral plates of the 

 posterior lobe of the clamp. There is something similar in Vallisia in 

 which, judging by the drawing of Monticelli ( Monti ce Hi, 19 12- -we did not 

 possess our own material), there are 2 pairs of plates lying parallel to 

 each other in the posterior lobe instead of one pair. 



As regards the separate genera, one must consider Winken- 

 thughesia as the most "normal. " To this genus is also related a species 

 described as Octostoma (=Kuhnia) bramae (Parona and Perugia, 1896) about 



511 



