Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 95 



long as distance from tip of snout to mouth; head an- 

 terior to spiracles about 2.5 times as long as distance 

 between inner ends of spiracles. 



macneiUi (Whitley) 1932. 



Southern Australia.'^ 



9 b. Distance between inner ends of nostrils only about 



Vs as long as distance from tip of snout to mouth; 



head anterior to spiracles only about 1.8 times as long 



as distance between inner ends of spiracles. 



calif or nica Ayres 1855. 

 Pacific Coast of North America, 

 southern British Columbia to 

 southern California. 

 4 b. Margins of spiracles with a row of papillae or knobs. 

 10 a. Margin of spiracle with seven papillae. 



1 1 a. Spiracular papillae so long that their tips come close 

 together in center of spiracular opening; distance from 

 midpoint of posterior margin of caudal to origin of first 

 dorsal only about half as long as distance from origin of 

 first dorsal to tip of snout; nuchal region with a group 

 of 5—7, or more, conspicuous mucous pores irregularly 

 arranged.^* marmorata Risso 18 10. 



Eastern Atlantic and Mediter- 

 ranean, 

 lib. Spiracular papillae low, inconspicuous, knob-like; dis- 

 tance from midpoint of posterior margin of caudal to 

 origin of first dorsal about ^3 as long as distance from 

 origin of first dorsal to tip of snout; nuchal region with 

 only one pair of conspicuous mucous pores, side by side. 



/or^^i/o (Linnaeus) 1758. 

 Eastern Atlantic and Mediter- 

 ranean.^^ 

 lob. Margin of spiracle with 9 or 10 papillae. 



sinus-persicus Olfers 1 8 3 1 . 



Persian Gulf, Indian Ocean south 

 to Natal, Red Sea.6« 



63. Torpedo macneilli from New Zealand has been united with T. fairchildi Hutton 1872 by Fowler (Bull. U. S. 

 nat. Mus., 100 [13], 194: : 345)- But the rear end of the base of its first dorsal is considerably posterior to the rear 

 ends of the pelvic fin bases, not in a line with the latter, as appears to be the case in the New Zealand T. fairchildi 

 (Hutton, Colonial Mus. Geol. Surv. N. Z., 1872: 83, pi. 12, fig. 134). For a detailed account of the Australian 

 T. macneiUi, see McCuUoch (Rec. Aust. Mus., 12, 1919: 171, pi- 25, as Torpedo fairchildi). 



64. In all of the other species of the genus that we have examined there is only a pair of these pores, side by side, in 

 the nuchal region. 



65. Occasional specimens lack the ocellar spots that are usually the most conspicuous feature of this species. 



66. This characterization of T. sinus-persicus follows Fraser-Brunner (Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., [/a] 2, 1949: 943); it in- 

 cludes T. suessi Steindachner 1808, Red Sea. 



