78 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



on head, on midzone of back, and on tail, low, conical to pyramidal, with irregularly 

 fluted bases; those over pectorals as a whole more scale-like and raised but little from 

 the skin, with sharp points and usually with two longitudinal ridges ; interspersed among 

 these (most numerous over inner parts of pectorals and along sides of anterior part 

 of tail) are considerably larger denticles, ranging in form from blunt-conical to blunt- 

 pyramidal, their bases fluted anteriorly. Midline of back, from nuchal region to origin 

 of first dorsal, with an irregular row of 21—23 domed prominences, fluted basally and 

 covered with small rounded denticles, a larger rounded tubercle (similarly fluted) 

 emerging from the tip; between first and second dorsals, two or three similar but 

 smaller prominences, with tubercle at tip; two series of tubercles on each shoulder, 

 the inner series of two, the outer series of two or three; eight to ten along posterior part 

 of each orbital ridge (decreasing in size anteriorly), with a larger one on anterior margin 

 of orbit; a row of four to eight pyramidal tubercles along outer margin of each pectoral 

 a little anterior to axis of greatest breadth in some specimens.** Lower surface closely 

 clothed with small flatfish denticles, irregularly quadrate or hexagonal, with rounded 

 corners. 



Snout in front of orbits about 1.9—2.2 times as long as distance between orbits, 

 its length in front of mouth about 1.6— 1.7 times as great as width of mouth and about 

 3.0—3.2 times as great as distance between inner ends of nostrils. Crown concave 

 transversely, the margins of orbits prominent. Horizontal diameter of eyes between 

 ^4 and ^/g (about 2 i "/o) as long as snout in front of orbits. Length of eye plus spiracle 

 about half as great as distance between spiracles. Spiracles about ^\^ as long as orbits, 

 moderately oblique, their Inner ends directed rearward, with one low ridge on posterior 

 margin. First pair of gill openings (the longest) a little more than half as long as nostrils, 

 the second to fifth pairs a little shorter in succession; distance between Inner ends of 

 fifth pair about as long as snout in front of mouth. Nostrils transverse or slightly 

 oblique; length about as great as distance between nostrils (95— 100 "/o) and a little 

 less than half as great as width of mouth; anterior margin expanded as a broad rounded 

 flap almost wholly covering Inner half of nasal aperture and continuing inward as a 

 narrow fold with rounded lobular termination on Internarlal space, about halfway 

 toward midline; posterior margin of nostril with two flap-like expansions directed 

 rearward toward mouth, the outer narrower, the Inner broadly rounded; also a nar- 

 rower and longer intervening lobe directed across nasal aperture. Mouth only slightly 

 bowed, its corners wrinkled but without extensive pits or furrows. 



Teeth ^|Eifo) ^°w> those of females and of young males ranging from weakly 

 rounded to nearly flat, without cusp, closely crowded in quincunx arrangement; about 

 10 rows In function simultaneously In center of mouth In upper jaw and about 12 rows 

 in lower; those of sexually mature males not seen. 



First and second dorsals about equal in size, triangular, with narrowly rounded 

 apex and weakly convex anterior and posterior margins, the latter nearly vertical; free 

 rear basal margins about half as long as base. Origin of first dorsal posterior to level 



68. A male and two females have these, but two other females lack them. 



