Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 529 



Distance from snout to : origin of dorsal spine 21. i, 24.6; second dorsal 38.3, 



42.7; pectoral 22.2, 23.6; pelvics 46.1, 50.0. 

 Distance from origin to origin of: pectorals and pelvics 23.8, 26.1; pelvics and 



lower caudal 52.8, 50.0. 



Trunk about as high opposite dorsal spine (where highest) as distance from tip of 

 snout to external gill opening and about 80 "/o of that height opposite origin of pelvic 

 fins, tapering abruptly to genital openings and evenly thence rearward; strongly flat- 

 tened sidewise rearward from head, its thickness V2-V3 as great as height opposite 

 bases of pectoral fins and about half as great as height opposite bases of pelvic fins. 



Skin perfectly smooth, without denticles, except on secondary sexual organs of 

 males; pock-marked with many small, round, shallow depressions across anterior part 

 of top of head. 



Lateral mucous canal either with a definite series of short waves along flank or 

 merely somewhat irregular;^* junction between cranial and aural canals an acute angle; 

 the jugular and oral canals meeting orbital canal separately but near together. A row 

 of about 4—5 large and conspicuous pores close in front of occipital canal; a row of 

 about 6 smaller pores close in front of descending branch of oral canal; about 10 small 

 pores in anterior angle between oral and orbital canals; about 15—17 small pores in area 

 partially enclosed by descending loop of orbital canal; about 5 or 6 small pores above 

 orbital canal toward tip of snout; about 5 large openings along anterior part of orbital 

 canal; about 6 large openings along angular canal to point where it divides, with 3 or 

 4 along each branch to front of snout; jugular canal without large openings, but 

 continued as a line of short separate slits onto throat. 



Head rounded, its length to origin of pectorals about 21—23 "/o of length of trunk 

 to upper origin of caudal. Snout conical, its tip blunt and protruding slightly, the 

 distance from tip of snout to level of fronts of eyes a little less than half of total length 

 of head to origin of pectorals. Eye oval, its longitudinal diameter about 1.5 times the 

 vertical diameter, its longitudinal axis dipping a little rearward, the pupil occupying 

 a little more than half the total diameter; height of eye about 28—32 "/o of height of 

 head; its length about ^/4 (27 "/o) of length of head to pectoral origin. External gill 

 openings a little longer than greatest diameter of eye, the distance between their lower 

 ends a little more than half that long; opercular flaps entirely overlapping external gill 

 openings, weakly convex rearward and thin-edged; their lower ends connected across 

 throat by a conspicuous fold of skin, roofing a furrow directed rearward. Groove on 

 lower side of head in front of nostrils more or less prominent, probably depending on 

 muscular contraction. Inner subdivision of nostril (all that is seen unless nasal flaps are 

 lifted) round or a little longer than broad, its greatest diameter about 15—16 "/o of 

 greatest diameter of eye; distance from its rear side to rear margin of upper lip about 

 as great as its diameter. Width of mouth when closed about as great as greatest diameter 

 of eye. 



54. On the specimen pictured (Fig. ii8), the lateral canal is in regular waves on one side of the body but not on the 

 other. 



