Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 239 



Snout length: in front of orbits 14.9; in front of mouth 15.7. 



Orbits: horizontal diameter 3.8; distance between 3.8. 



Spiracles: length 2.1 ; distance between 7.1. 



Mouth: breadth 8.0. 



Exposed nostrils: distance between inner ends 8.6. 



Gill openings: lengths, ist 1.5; 3rd 1.5; 5th i.o; distance between inner ends, 



ist 13.2; 5th 8.8. 

 First dorsal fin: vertical height 2.3; length of base 4.4. 

 Second dorsal fin: vertical height 2.3; length of base 5.0. 

 Pelvics: anterior margin 10.3. 



Distance: from tip of snout to center of cloaca 42.8; from center of cloaca to 

 1st dorsal 44.4; to tip of tail 57.2; from rear end ot 2nd dorsal to tip of 

 tail 3.4. 

 Interspace between: ist and 2nd dorsals 0.0. 



Disc about 1.2 times as broad as long, subangular in front; tip of snout slightly 

 blunted, projecting a little; maximum anterior angle in front of spiracles about 115°; 

 anterior margins of pectorals from close behind tip of snout nearly straight or weakly 

 concave abreast of eye and spiracle;''^ outer corners broadly rounded; posterior margins 

 strongly convex; posterior corners well rounded with curvature continuous to axils of 

 pectorals. Tail with narrow lateral folds confined to posterior third; distance from center 

 of cloaca to first dorsal fin about equal to distance from center of cloaca to tip of snout, 

 and distance to tip of tail about 1.3 times that great. Distance from axils of pelvics to 

 first dorsal a little greater (i.i) than distance from axils of pelvics to front of orbits. 



Upper surface of disc (including skin above eyes) rugose with prickles or minute 

 thornlets except close along posterior margins, some of them low and conical, others 

 higher but straight, and others still higher, their tips very fine and curved rearward in 

 varying degree; one or two somewhat larger thorns close in front of eye on juveniles," 

 but perhaps more numerous on adults; one blunt and slightly larger thorn inward from 

 each spiracle, one on nuchal region, one on mid-dorsal line over pectoral girdle, and a 

 smaller one on each shoulder (perhaps more on adults); other than these no sizeable 

 thorns on disc; upper surface of tail rough with prickles slightly larger than those on 

 disc, its median line also with an irregular row of somewhat larger thornlets scattered 

 from opposite tips of pelvics for about a third of the distance toward the first dorsal, but 

 without conspicuous thorns; upper surface of pelvics prickly on inner parts of posterior 

 lobe but otherwise smooth; dorsal fins prickly; caudal membrane with a few prickles. 

 Lower surface smooth on disc, pelvics, and root of tail ; but remainder of tail close-set 

 with small thornlets rearward to level of posterior end of second dorsal, similar to upper 

 surface. 



Snout in front of orbits about 3.9 times as long as distance between orbits, its 



72. The two sides of our specimen differ slightly in this respect. 



73. One such thorn on one side of our specimen, two on the other. 



