250 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



Synonyms and References: 



Raja^"^ ocellata Mitchill, Trans. Lit. philos. Soc. N. Y., 7, 181 5: 477 (descr., New York); Storer, Boston J. 

 nat. Hist., 2, 1839: 543 (descr., food, Mass.); Rep. Fish. Rept. Birds Mass., 1839: 191 (Mass.); Linsley, 

 Amer. J. Sci., 4"^^ 1844: 77 (listed, Connecticut); Storer, Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., N. S. 2, 1846: 

 510 (diagn., New York and Conn.); Gill, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., Addend., 1861: 61 (listed, 

 Atlant. Coast N. Amer.); Giinther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 8, 1870: 455 footnote (ref); Lyman, 6th 

 Rep. Mass. Comm. inl. Fish., 1872: 53 (Mass.); Goode and Bean, Bull. Essex Inst., 11, 1879: 29 

 (Maine); Bean, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus., J, 1880: 115 (Mass. locals.); Jordan and Gilbert, Bull. U. S. 

 nat. Mus., 16, 1883: 40 (descr., size, egg cases); Bean, Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish (1882), 1884: 343 

 (listed. Woods Hole, Mass.); Jordan, Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1885), 1887: 799 (listed, N. Atlant. 

 U. S.); Garman, Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv., ly, 1888: gi, pi. 30 (mucous canal syst.); Jordan and 

 Evermann, Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1895), 1896: 221 (listed, Mass. northward); Bull. U. S. nat. Mus., 

 47 (i), 1896: 68 (descr., egg cases, New York and northward); Bumpus, Science, N. S. 8, 1898: 58 

 (Woods Hole); Smith, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., ij, 1898: 89 (season. Woods Hole); Jordan and Ever- 

 mann, Bull. U. S. nat. Mus., 47 (4), 1900: pi. 10, fig. 30 (ill.); Bean, 6th Rep. For. Comm. N. Y., 1901 : 

 382 (season, New York); Linton, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 79, 1901 : 274, 431 (food, parasites, Vineyard 

 Sound); Bean, Bull. N. Y. St. Mus., 60, Zool. 9, 1903: 49 (descr., season, food. New York); Fowler, 

 Rep. N. J. Mus. (1905), igo6: 71, pi. 3 (size, cf. R.erinacea, ill.. New Jersey); Tracy, 36th Rep. R. 

 \. Comm. inl. Fish., 1906: 47 (season, Narragansett Bay;) Cornish, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1902-1905), 

 1907: 82 (nos., food, Canso, Nova Scotia); Fowler, Rep. N. J. Mus. (1907), 1908: 129 (descr., nos., 

 season. New Jersey, Delaware Bay); Kendall, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 7 (8), 1908: 11 (New 

 England locals.); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 62, 1910: 470 (Maine, Mass., New Jersey); 

 Linton, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 28, 1910: 1201 (cestode parasite, Woods Hole); Tracy, 40th Rep. R. L 

 Comm. inl. Fish., 1910: 62 (season, food, Narragansett Bay); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 

 6j, 191 1 : 5 (egg cases, Delaware); Engelhardt, Abh. bayer. Akad. Wiss., Suppl. 4 (3), 191 3 : 102 (range); 

 Cornish, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1906-1910), 1912: 79 (nos., Prince Edward L); Fowler, Proc. Acad, 

 nat. Sci. Philad., 6^, 191 3: 62 (listed, Virginia); Halkett, Check List Fish. Canad., 191 3: 42 (listed. 

 Maritime Provinces to New York); Nichols, Abstr. Linn. Soc. N. Y., 20-23, '91 3- 9i (season, near 

 New York); Sumner, Osburn and Cole, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 31 (2), 1913: 738 (season, depth, food, 

 parasites. Woods Hole); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 66, 19 14: 353 (nos., Delaware); Wieg- 

 man and Nichols, Copeia, 3, 19 14: 2 (season, female with egg, New York); Fowler, Copeia, 13, 19 14: 

 2 (New Jersey); Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 6"], 1915: 517 (Nova Scotia); Wiegman and Nichols, 

 Copeia, 23, 1915: 43 (New Jersey); Fowler, Copeia, 27, 1916: 12 (New Jersey); Copeia, 31, 1916: 

 41 (New Jersey); Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., J5, 1917: 11 1 (color, thorn pattern, Maine and Mass.); 

 Jordan, Copeia, 49, 1917: 87 {diaphanes replaces oceUatd)\ Huntsman, Trans, roy. Soc. Canad., (3) 

 12 (4-5), 1918: 63 (temp.. Gulf St. Lawrence); Fowler, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., J2, 1919: 72 (Dela- 

 ware R.); Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., JI, 1920: 293 (New Jersey); Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., JJ, 1920: 

 145 (New Jersey); Cox, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1918-1920), 1921: 109 (S. side Gulf St. Lawrence); 

 Fowler, Fish Culturist, 6, 1927: 115 (listed. New Jersey); Dill, Edwards and Florkin, Biol. Bull. Woods 

 Hole, 62, 1932: 23 (blood);!""* Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad.. 8g, ^^37'- 304 (season, New Jersey). 

 Raia^"^ diaphanes DeKay, Zool. N. Y., 4, 1842: 366, pi. 67, fig. 218 (descr., ill.. New York); Storer, Mem. 

 Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., N. S. 9, 1867: 240, pi. 39, fig. i; also Fishes Mass., 1867: 264, pi. 39, fig. i 

 (descr., ill., size, nos., Mass.); Garman, Mem. Harv. Mus. comp. Zool., j6, 191 3: 339, pi- 22, fig. i 

 (descr., ill., cf R. erinacea); Huntsman, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1921), 1922: 57 (depth, season, Passama- 

 quoddy Bay and Bay of Fundy); Breder, Copeia, 127, 1924: 28 (season, temp., near New York); Hunts- 

 man and Sparks, Contr. Canad. Biol., N. S. 2, 1924: 102 (lethal temp.); Linton, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus., 

 64 (21), 1924: 8, 61, 65 (cestode parasites); Bigelow and Welsh, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 40 (2), 1925: 

 60 (descr., ill., habits, Gulf of Maine); Manter, Illinois biol. Monogr., 10 (2), 1926: 8 (parasites, Maine); 

 Breder and Nichols, Zoologica N. Y., 9, 1927: 23 (ill., season, food, near New York and south. New 

 England); Hildebrand and Schroeder, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 42 (i), 1928: 56 (descr., ill., season, Chesa- 

 peake Bay); Breder, Field Bk. Mar. Fish. Atlant. Coast, 1929: 30 (descr., egg cases, depth, season, Vir- 

 ginia to Gulf of St. Lawrence); Jordan, Manual Vert. Anim. NE U. S., 1929: 16 (diagn., New Jersey 

 north); Jordan, Evermann and Clark, Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 25 (listed, E. coast 



103. Sometimes spelled Kaia. 104. Spelled ocillata. 105. Also spelled Raja. 



