Fis/ies of the JVestern North Atlantic 22 j 



bayer. Akad. Wiss., Suppl. 4 (3), 191 3: 102 (range); Halkett, Check List Fish. Canad., 191 3: 42 (listed, 

 Maritime Provinces to Florida); Nichols, Abstr. Linn. Soc. N. Y., 20—23, 1913: 91 (nos., season, near 

 New York); Sumner, Osburn and Cole, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., JJ, 1913: 738 (food, parasites, nos., 

 season, near Woods Hole); Fowler, Copeia, 13, 1914: [2] (listed. New Jersey); Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. 

 Philad., 66, 1914: 353 (season, New Jersey); Coles, Proc. biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915: 92 (season, off 

 C. Lookout, N.Carolina); Wilson, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus., ^7, 1915: 641 (copepod parasites, Maine); 

 Fowler, Copeia, 31, 1916: 41 (depth. New Jersey); Latham, Copeia, 41, 1917: 18 (season, size. Long 

 Island, New York); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., yi, 1920: 293 (New Jersey); Proc. biol. Soc. 

 Wash., 33, 1920: 145 (New Jersey); Cox, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1918-1920), 1921: 109 (S. side Gulf 

 St. Lawrence); Townsend, N. Y. zool. Soc, 25th Annu. Rep. (1920), 1921: 126 (listed. New York 

 Bay); Scott, Contr. Canad. Biol., N. S. 2 (8), 1924: 131 (pathol. thyroid gland); Trans, roy. Soc. Canad., 

 (3) 20 Sect. 5 (2), 1926: 229 (histol., physioL, thyroid gland); Burwash, Contr. Canad. Biol., 4, 1929: 

 117, 118 (iodine content, thyroid gland); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 80, 1929: 608 (weight, 

 season, New Jersey); Jordan, Manual Vert. Anim. NE U. S., 1929: 17 (diagn., size, name); Truitt, 

 Bean and Fowler, Bull. Md. Conserv. Dep., 3, 1929: 31 (descr., nos., Atlant. Coast Maryland, and 

 Chesapeake Bay); Bere, Contr. Canad. Biol., 5, 1930: 423, 426 (copepod parasites, Passamaquoddy 

 Bay); Jordan, Evermann and Clark, Rep. U. S. Comm. Fish. (1928), 2, 1930: 25 (listed, NE coast 

 N. Amer.); Vladykov and McKenzie, Proc. N. S. Inst. Sci., ig, 1935: 51 (ill., depth. Nova Scotia); 

 V'ladykov, Nat. canad., 63, 1936: 216 (descr., photo egg cases, breeding season, depth, temp, off N. 

 Scotia and Kennebecasis Bay, New Brunswick); Breder and Nichols, Copeia, 1937: 182 (egg cases); 

 Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 8g, 1937 : 304 (New Jsersey); Merriman and Warfel, Bull. Bingham 

 oceanogr. Coll., II (4), 1948: 134 (listed, off Connecticut). 



Rata chantenay Lesueur, J. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 4, 1824: 106, pi. 5 (descr., ill., no local.); Storer, Mem. 

 Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., N. S. 2, 1846: 512 (after Lesueur, 1824). 



Raia batis Storer, Boston J. nat. Hist., 2, 1839: 545 (descr., size, Mass.); Rep. Fish. Rept. Birds Mass., 1839: 

 193 (same as preceding); Linsley, .^mer. J. Sci., 4^, 1844: 77 (Connecticut). 



Barn Door Skate, Wilson, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus., 31, 1907: 711 (copepod parasites); Bull. U. S. nat. Mus., 

 158, 1932: 399, 403, 419 (copepod parasites. Woods Hole). 



Raia^^ stabuHforis Garman, Mem. Harv. Mus. comp. Zool., 36, 1913: 341, pi. 22, fig. 2, pi. 44, figs. 4-6 

 (descr., ills., name R. laevis considered preoccupied); Kendall, Proc. Portland Soc. nat. Hist., 3 (i), 

 1914: 13 (Maine locals.); Radcliffe, Trans. Amer. Fisher. Soc, 44, 19 14: 38 (teeth); Bull. U. S. Bur. 

 Fish., 34, 1916: 272, pi. 45 (descr., photos teeth, C. Lookout, N. Carolina); Jordan, Copeia, 49, 1917: 

 88 (R. StabuHforis replaces R. laevis, preoccupied); Huntsman, Contr. Canad. Biol. (1921), 1922: 57 

 (Passamaquoddy Bay and Bay of Fundy); Breder, Copeia, 127, 1924: 28 (season, temp., near New 

 York); Linton, Proc. U. S. nat. Mus., 64 (21), 1924: 9, 11, 20, 24, 28, 66 (cestode parasites); Bigelow 

 and Welsh, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 40 (i), 1925: 66 (descr., ill, habits. Gulf of Maine); Manter, Illinois 

 biol. Monogr., 10 (2), 1926: 8, 9, 16, 43 (parasites); Nichols and Breder, Zoologica N. Y., 9, 1927: 

 25 (ill., habits, near New York and south. New England); Hildebrand and Schroeder, Bull. U. S. Bur. 

 Fish., 43 (i), 1928: 59 (descr., Chesapeake Bay); Radcliffe, Nat. Hist. N. Y., 28, 1928: 58 (abnormality. 

 Woods Hole); Breder, Field Bk. Mar. Fish. Atlant. Coast, 1929: 32 (genl.); Marshall, Contr. Canad. 

 Biol., 7 (1-7), I93I'- 19 (heart physioL); Anon., Rep. Newfoundland Fish. Res. Comm., I (4), 1932: 

 107 (depth, SW. part Grand Banks); Gudger, J. Elisha Mitchell sci. Soc, 4g, 1933: 63 (abnormal 

 dentition); Amer. Mus. Novit., 600, 1933: i (ill., abnormality. Woods Hole); Anon., Rep. Newfound- 

 land Fish. Res. Comm., 2 (i), 1933: 125 (Grand Banks, Banquereau Bank off Cape Breton); Bigelow 

 and Schroeder, Canad. Atlant. Fauna, I2e, 1934: 35 (descr., ill., depth. Gulf of St. Lawrence, Grand 

 Banks to Florida); Anon., Rep. Newfoundland Fish. Res. Comm., 2 (2), 1934: 115 (Banquereau and 

 C. Breton, Nova Scotia); Roth, Arch. int. Pharmacodyn., 4g (3), 1935: 355 (cardiac regulative nerves; 

 not seen); Bigelow and Schroeder, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 48, 1936: 325 (nos., size, depth, Georges 

 Bank and Nantucket Shoals); Smith, H. W., Biol. Rev. (Cambridge), 11, 1936: 67 (blood serum, urine); 

 Norman and Fraser, Giant Fishes, 1937: 68 (.'\tlant. Coast N. Amer.); Breder, Bull. N. Y. zool. Soc, 

 41, 1938: 28 (listed, New York Harbor); Bigelow and Schroeder, Biol. Bull. Woods Hole, 76, 1939: 

 309 (Gulf of Maine); Merriman and Warfel, Trans. 9th N. Amer. Wildl. Conf., 1944: 234 (mean 

 catch per hour. Long Island Sound). 



6 1 . Sometimes spelled Kaja. 



>5* 



