6 M. YOKOYAMA. 



of the system near Hakusan. Very rich in fossils. 



4. Tertiary System, consisting of tuffs and sands, and 

 composing lower mountains and hills on the western flank of the 

 chain. A part of these tuff layers contains fruits of Trapa borealis 

 Hr., n ) and a part, leaves which are probably Pliocene. 12 ) The sands 

 are probably younger than the harder tuffs. They are very rich in 

 young marine shells 13 ) offering many identical species with those of 

 the environs of Tokyo. 14 ) 



8. Quaternary System, covering the plains along the 

 coast of Kaga and Echizen which, in the fortner, consists of heavy 

 clayey loam. 15 ) 



The eruptive rocks may be described under four groups. 



1. Granites, mainly found in Hidn, also in patches in Kaga 

 and Echizen. Their exact age. is yet unknown, but evidently they 

 are the oldest of all the eruptive rocks, as they are traversed by 

 dykes of porphyries and porphyrites. 



11) Dr. A. G. Nathorst: — Beiträge No. 2 zur Tertiärflora Japans (Vorläufige Mittheilung), 

 p,5. 



12) Wem. p, 7. The exact fossil locality is Ushigataui from which place Dr. Nathorst men- 

 tions Fagtisjaponicui Max. fossilis Nath., Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb, et Zucc. fossile Nath.,and 

 Phyllites up. 



13) These fossils I fourni to belong to the genera, Turritella, Odostomia, Ringicula, Pleura- 

 tonia, Clavatula, Terebra, Chemnitzia, llissoa, Ebunia, Murex, Skene«, Trophon, Cancellaria, 

 Globulus, Trochus, Valvata, Huila, Adeorbis, Natica, Dentaliuni, Pecteu, Östren, Anomia, Pec- 

 tunculus, Lirnopsis, Nucuhi, Nuculana, Area, Saxidomus, Cytherea, Mactru, Diplodonta, Lucina, 

 Teilina, Gardita, Cardium, Lasaea, Leda, Ungulina aud Venus. Many of these are identical with 

 those described by Prof. Brauns, the chief of which are Turritella communis, Pleurotoma tigrina, 

 Ringicula arctata, Terebra bipartita, Elmrna japonica, Globulus superbus, G. mpnilifer, Denta- 

 lium entale, Pecten plica, P. laqueatus, P. yessoensis, Pectunculus glycimeris, Nuculx Cobboldiae, 

 Diplodonta trigomila, Lucina borealis, S ixidomus purpuratus, Cardium Calif or niense, Laevicardium 

 bullatum, Lavaca rubra, Leda confusa, Cytherea meretrix and Ostrea gigas, to which are to be 

 added Dentaliuni eostatum Soie, Nuculana ovalis Wood, Tcllina veuulosa SchrenJc, Area Kraussi 

 Phill., Cardita scalaris Sow. and Lucina crenulata Wood. Besides these there are mauy species 

 yet undetermined, but decidedly identical with those occurring near Tokyo, among which there 

 may be also forms which are entirely new. 



14) Dr. David Brauns . — Geology of the Environs of Tokio. Memoirs of the Science Depart- 

 ment, Tokio Daigaku, No. 4, Tokio, 1S8'. 



15) B. Kotô: — Tetorigawa Kinbô Chishitsu Gaisoku, p. 19. 



