138 S. SEKIYA AND Y. KIKÜCHT 



number of wounded was 70 in all. They were mostly burnt and 

 scarred by the hurricane of hot ashes and falling stones. The 

 wounds in several cases were very peculiar. Fragments of rock 

 projected violently from the mountain, impinged upon the unfor- 

 tunate people like grape-shot. The sufferers were tossed about and 

 often felt as if they were lifted up bodily into the air; at the same time 

 their clothing was torn off, even to the under-garments. In many 

 cases bits of stones were found sticking in the skin and flesh of the 

 victims, and were with difficulty extracted. In one case the skin was 

 completely peeled off from a woman's skull, probably torn off through 

 entanglement with trees or other objects which were being violently 

 hurled along. The mere contemplation of such experiences is hor- 

 rifying. 

 Bandai-san The winter climate of this part of the country is very severe. Snow 



after eruption. fe . & |j . the mid( j] e of autumn, so that in winter travellers 



are rarely seen, and the peasantry hardly ever venture far abroad. The 

 result is that very little knowledge can be obtained about the behavior 

 of the volcano during the cold months. Mr. S.Kobayashi, a school- 

 master at Inawashiro, who helped us in various ways during our stay 

 in Bandai-san, has, at our request, very kindly given us the following 

 information : 



Letter dated Nov. 7th, 1888. — Since the eruption, even in 

 bright and calm days clouds have been almost always seen round 

 the summit. This has not been so in former years. 



This is very probable. The steam that issues from the crater, in 



ascending and dispersing in the higher region, would produce clouds. 



Nov. 8th. — The volume of steam has abnormally increased 



since yesterday. It is nearly the same as it was three weeks 



after the eruption. This morning the amount is still greater. 



Although its height is perhaps not greater than that observed 



