SECT. 3] 



AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES 



167 



a distribution of rate of growth at different times and in different 

 regions of the body. Thus he says, "Now, as Tully says, Death truly 

 belongs neither to the living nor to the dead, and I think that some- 

 thing similar holds of the first beginnings of animals, for when we 

 enquire carefully into the production of animals out of their eggs, 

 we always find the animal there, so that our labour is repaid and we 

 see an emerging manifestation of parts successively, but never the 

 first origin of any of them". 



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Fig. 8. Malpighi's drawings of the early stages of development in the chick embryo. 



What had been an unfounded speculation for Seneca in antiquity 

 and for Joseph de Aromatari and Everard in late times was now set 

 upon an apparently firm experimental basis by Malpighi. 



It is most instructive to note the difference in the attitudes of 

 Langly and Schrader respectively towards the preformation question. 

 Langly has no doubts about it, nor has Faber; they both follow 

 Harvey and epigenesis unquestioningly, but Schrader, although he 

 believes in epigenesis on the whole, is not at all certain about it. 

 His friend, Matthew Slade, he says, brought the epistle of Joseph 

 de Aromatari to his attention, and what with that and the unexplained 

 observations of Malpighi on the pre-existence of the embryo, he is 

 not willing to deny all value to preformationist doctrine. Others 

 were bolder. It was immediately seized upon by Malebranche, the 



