34 



PARADISEID.E. 



"Voyage of the Coquille,"* figures P. keraudreni, and the con\oluted trachea of the male. 

 Professor Pavesi, in the "Annals of the Genoa Museum,"! figures and describes the tracheas of 

 several species. As pointed out by the late Mr. W. A. Forbes, [ in describing the tracheas of M. 

 atra and P. gouldi, the specimens figured by Professor Pavesi in his second paper as belonging to 

 P. keraudreni, are in reality those of P. gouldi, with the exception of figure 6. As there shown, 

 considerable variation e.xists in the number and disposition of the coils in the tracheas of the 

 males of this species. On these extraordinary con\-olutions of the trachea, lying beneath the 

 skin and extending on to the pectoral or abdominal muscles, depend to a large extent the loud 

 and prolonged notes of the males of these genera. 



Of the tracheas figured below, all show their ventral aspect, the drawings being made 

 from tracings of photographs of them as they lay in situ on the bodies of spirit specimens, with 

 the exception of figure 1, which had been removed. The latter, presented by Mr. R. Grant, is 

 the trachea taken by him from a fine old adult male of Manucodia comrii that he had received 

 in spirits from Ferguson Island. From the base of the larynx to the lowest portion of the 

 outer convulution, it measures six inches and a quarter; its greatest widtli transversely one 

 inch and three-quarters. This trachea is more developed than the one belonging to a male of 

 this species figured by Mr. F. E. Beddard in "The Ibis,"j for after the two sections that form it 

 run nearly the whole length of the body and turn to the right, as figured by Mr. ]:5eddard, it 

 returns up the body again, the up|)er part of the terminal loop lying on llie pectoral muscles, 

 and the inner side of it almost touching the inner section of the trachea, which, when lying on the 

 body would be about half-way down the keel-bone. As pointed out, however, 

 by Mr. Heddard and previous writers, in the males of this genus the 

 trachea varies in the extent of its development. This is apparent in the 



present species, also 

 in the two figures 

 here shown of the 

 traclieas of Phony- 

 sama souldi. 



Figure 2 is that of the trachea of a male Phonygama gouldi from Cape York, and closely 

 resembles in shape and the number of coils, Pavesi's figure 3 ;, of this species, although there 

 attributed by him to P. keraudreni. From the base of the larynx to the lower portion of the 



* Voy. de la Coquille, Atlas, pi. xiii., fig. 2 (1826). 



t Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., Vols, vi.-ix. (1874-6). 



J Proc. Zool. Soc , 18S2, p. 347. 



§ " The Ibis," 1891, p. 513. 



Ij Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen , Vol. ix., p. Cg (1876). 



